Quantifying system disturbance and recovery from historical mining-derived metal contamination at Brotherswater, northwest England
Quantifying system disturbance and recovery from historical mining-derived metal contamination at Brotherswater, northwest England
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量化英格兰西北部兄弟沃特历史采矿金属污染的系统扰动和恢复
DOI：
10.1007/s10933-016-9907-1
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Schillereff D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schillereff D
历史上的金属矿石开采给世界各地的水生态系统留下了严重的污染遗产。在英国，目前正在对废弃矿山排放的当今污染进行全国范围的调查，但很少对历史上金属开采过程中产生的污染程度和影响进行评估。我们报告了第一批数百年来从其流域(Hartsop Hall矿山和Hogget Gill加工厂)的点源(Hartsop Hall矿山和Hogget Gill加工厂)流入湖泊(Brotherswater，英格兰西北部)的铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)和铜(Cu)的记录之一，并计算了这些金属的盆地规模库存。利用跨越过去1500年的沉积岩芯和通过沉积物捕获获得的当代材料，建立了金属污染的开采前基线。这些数据使250万年的当地小规模采矿(1696-1942年)的影响得以量化，并对系统恢复的轨迹进行了评估。在12个沉积物岩心中显示的地球化学地层学与记录在案的集水区金属开采和加工历史有很强的一致性。首次发现于1696年，峰值铅浓度(>；10,000微克g−1)和通量(39.4g g/m−2年−1)对应于最密集的采矿事件(1863年至1871年)，20世纪的技术进步反映为更柔和的沉积印记。经过仔细的评估，我们使用这些标记物来增强使用放射性同位素测年(14C、210Pb、137Cs和241Am)获得的独立地质年代学的贝叶斯年龄-深度模型。活跃期湖盆铅、锌、铜总储量分别为15415、5897、363万公斤。铅和锌的开采后轨迹预计，铅将在54-128年内恢复到开采前的水平，锌将在75-187亿年内恢复到开采前的水平，尽管未来富金属集水区土壤和洪泛平原沉积物的再活化可能会扰乱这种恢复。我们提出了一种可转移的古沼泽学方法，强调了基于通量的评估对于准确确定湖泊流域采矿产生的污染的基线、影响和轨迹至关重要。
Metal ore extraction in historical times has left a legacy of severe contamination in aquatic ecosystems around the world. In the UK, nationwide surveys of present-day pollution discharged from abandoned mines are ongoing but few assessments of the magnitude of contamination and impacts that arose during historical metal mining have been made. We report one of the first multi-centennial records of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) fluxes into a lake (Brotherswater, northwest England) from point-sources in its catchment (Hartsop Hall Mine and Hogget Gill processing plant) and calculate basin-scale inventories of those metals. The pre-mining baseline for metal contamination has been established using sediment cores spanning the past 1500 years and contemporary material obtained through sediment trapping. These data enabled the impact of 250 years of local, small-scale mining (1696–1942) to be quantified and an assessment of the trajectory towards system recovery to be made. The geochemical stratigraphy displayed in twelve sediment cores show strong correspondence to the documented history of metal mining and processing in the catchment. The initial onset in 1696 was detected, peak Pb concentrations (>10,000 µg g−1) and flux (39.4 g m−2year−1) corresponded to the most intensive mining episode (1863–1871) and twentieth century technological enhancements were reflected as a more muted sedimentary imprint. After careful evaluation, we used these markers to augment a Bayesian age-depth model of the independent geochronology obtained using radioisotope dating (14C,210Pb,137Cs and241Am). Total inventories of Pb, Zn and Cu for the lake basin during the period of active mining were 15,415, 5897 and 363 kg, respectively. The post-mining trajectories for Pb and Zn project a return to pre-mining levels within 54–128 years for Pb and 75–187 years for Zn, although future remobilisation of metal-enriched catchment soils and floodplain sediments could perturb this recovery. We present a transferable paleolimnological approach that highlights flux-based assessments are vital to accurately establish the baseline, impact and trajectory of mining-derived contamination for a lake catchment.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Colvine
通讯作者：
R. Colvine
英格兰和威尔士金属采矿污染河流沉积物的评估
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Hudson;M. Macklin;P. Brewer;I. A. Dennis
通讯作者：
I. A. Dennis
苏格兰洛赫纳加整个湖盆沉积物中的痕量金属分布：古湖泊学评估
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Handong Yang;N. Rose;R. Battarbee;D. Monteith
通讯作者：
D. Monteith
贝加尔湖沉积物重金属记录：自然和人为来源
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Boyle;A. Mackay;N. Rose;R. Flower;P. Appleby
通讯作者：
P. Appleby
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
D. Hammarlund;A. Mackay;D. Fallon;Gemma Pateman;Luisa C. Tavio;M. Leng;N. Rose
通讯作者：
D. Hammarlund;A. Mackay;D. Fallon;Gemma Pateman;Luisa C. Tavio;M. Leng;N. Rose