Personal Computer Programs to Assist with Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and Self-Adjustment of Insulin Dosage
Personal Computer Programs to Assist with Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and Self-Adjustment of Insulin Dosage
复制标题
协助自我监测血糖和自我调整胰岛素剂量的个人计算机程序
作者：
N. Pernick;D. Rodbard
我们已经开发了用于IBM-PC和兼容微型计算机的编译BASIC的计算机程序，供医生、辅助医务人员和/或患者使用，以帮助自我监测血糖（SMBG）和自我调整胰岛素剂量。该程序可以潜在地帮助患者教育和激励，并提供：（1）定制的“电子笔记本”，用于存储和检索关于血糖、胰岛素剂量、低血糖反应、尿酮、饮食、活动、体重、疾病、低血糖反应或目标范围外的葡萄糖值的明显解释以及评论的信息;（2）葡萄糖和胰岛素对日期的图形显示，以及“葡萄糖曲线”对一天中的时间或一周中的几天的图形显示;（3）简单而详细的统计分析;（4）数据的清晰摘要;（5）允许医生为每位患者制定“定制治疗计划”的设施，包括六种方案的选择、八个时间段中每个时间段的目标水平、四个补充表（健康或生病时，饭前或睡前），针对低血糖反应或记录的低血糖减少胰岛素的规则，针对持续不明原因的高血糖增加常规胰岛素剂量的规则，以及患者何时应致电医生的规则;（6）关于常规胰岛素剂量的补偿补充和调整的建议;（7）解释为什么各种胰岛素剂量应该或不应该改变，以及为什么各种葡萄糖值应该被测试;（8）将患者给予的胰岛素剂量与程序的建议进行比较，以及对患者提供的差异进行解释，以帮助评估依从性。该程序是“用户友好的”，易于学习，易于使用。已经制定了向患者介绍该方案的详细计划。该程序的使用是灵活的：它可以一天使用几次（当监测血糖和调整胰岛素剂量时），一天一次（例如，输入当天的数据并获得第二天的建议）、每周一或两周一次（用于数据存储、最近控制程度的评估和每日血糖曲线模式的分析）或每1-3个月一次（在办公室访视之前，准备摘要、图表、统计分析，并将患者的决定与程序的建议进行回顾性比较）。目前的程序，方法和设计理念的优点和局限性进行了讨论。
We have developed computer programs in compiled BASIC for the IBM-PC and compatible microcomputers for use by physicians, paramedical personnel, and/or patients to assist with self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and self-adjustment of insulin dosage. The programs can potentially assist with patient education and motivation, and provide: (1) a customized “electronic notebook” for storage and retrieval of information on blood glucose, insulin dosage, hypoglycemic reactions, urinary ketones, diet, activity, weight, illness, apparent explanations for hypoglycemic reactions or glucose values outside target ranges, and comments; (2) graphic displays of glucose and insulin versus date, and of a “glucose profile” versus time of day or versus day of the week; (3) simple and detailed statistical analyses; (4) a legible summary of data; (5) a facility to permit the physician to prepare a “customized treatment plan” for each patient, involving a choice of six regimens, target levels for each of eight time periods, four supplement tables (when well or sick, before meals, or at bedtime), rules to reduce insulin in response to hypoglycemic reactions or documented hypoglycemia, rules to increase routine insulin doses in response to persistent unexplained hyperglycemia, and rules when the patient should call the physician; (6) suggestions regarding compensatory supplements and adjustments of routine insulin dosage; (7) explanations why various insulin dosages should or should not be altered, and why various glucose values should be tested; (8) comparisons of the insulin dosage administered by the patient and the recommendations of the program, together with explanations for discrepancies offered by the patient, to help evaluate compliance. The program is “user-friendly,” easy to learn, and easy to use. A detailed plan for introduction of the program to the patient has been developed. Use of the program is flexible: it could be used several times a day (when monitoring glucose and adjusting insulin dosage), once a day (e.g., to enter the day's data and obtain suggestions for the following day), once every week or two (for data storage, evaluation of the recent degree of control, and analysis of patterns in the daily glucose profile), or once every 1–3 mo (before office visits, to prepare summaries, graphs, statistical analyses, and for retrospective comparison of patient's decisions with the program's recommendations). The advantages and limitations of the present program, approach, and design philosophy are discussed.
DOI：
10.1016/0010-4809(81)90012-4
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
COMPUTERS AND BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
TEACH, RL;SHORTLIFFE, EH
通讯作者：
SHORTLIFFE, EH
早晨胰岛素注射部位和时间在 1 型糖尿病中的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-3476(83)80577-0
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
The Journal of pediatrics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Witt,MF;White,NH;Santiago,JV
通讯作者：
Santiago,JV