Protection versus pathology in aviremic and high viral load HIV-2 infection-the pivotal role of immune activation and T-cell kinetics.

Protection versus pathology in aviremic and high viral load HIV-2 infection-the pivotal role of immune activation and T-cell kinetics.
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DOI:
10.1093/infdis/jiu165
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发表时间:
2014-09-01
期刊:
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Macallan DC
Macallan DC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hegedus A;Nyamweya S;Zhang Y;Govind S;Aspinall R;Mashanova A;Jansen VA;Whittle H;Jaye A;Flanagan KL;Macallan DC

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背景:许多人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-2感染者仍然存在病毒血症,表现为长期不进展,但有些进展为艾滋病。 我们假设免疫激活和T细胞更新是非进展者/进展者状态的关键决定因素。方法:我们研究了西非冈比亚的37名受试者:10名HIV阴性对照,10名低病毒载量的HIV-2感染受试者(HIV-2-LV),7名高病毒载量的HIV-2感染受试者(HIV-2-HV)和10名HIV-1感染受试者。 我们使用氘-葡萄糖标记测量体内T细胞周转率,并将结果与T细胞表型(通过流式细胞术)和T细胞受体切除环(TREC)丰度相关。结果:免疫激活(HLA-DR/CD 38共表达)在各组之间存在显著差异:对照组<HIV-2-LV <HIV-1 <HIV-2-HV(所有细胞类型P <0.01)。 在记忆性CD 4+和CD 8 + T细胞的体内周转模式以及初始CD 4 + T细胞中的TREC消耗模式中观察到类似的趋势,尽管初始T细胞周转相对不受任一感染的影响。T细胞更新、免疫激活和进展状态密切相关。结论:HIV-2非进展者的T细胞更新率(包括CD 4+和CD 8+)较低,免疫激活最低;高病毒载量HIV-2进展者的T细胞更新率较高,接近或超过HIV-1感染者。 
Background. Many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–2-infected individuals remain aviremic and behave as long-term non-progressors but some progress to AIDS. We hypothesized that immune activation and T-cell turnover would be critical determinants of non-progressor/progressor status. Methods. We studied 37 subjects in The Gambia, West Africa: 10 HIV-negative controls, 10 HIV-2-infected subjects with low viral loads (HIV-2-LV), 7 HIV-2-infected subjects with high viral loads (HIV-2-HV), and 10 with HIV-1 infection. We measured in vivo T-cell turnover using deuterium-glucose labeling, and correlated results with T-cell phenotype (by flow cytometry) and T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) abundance. Results. Immune activation (HLA-DR/CD38 coexpression) differed between groups with a significant trend: controls <HIV-2-LV <HIV-1 <HIV-2-HV (P < .01 for all cell types). A similar trend was observed in the pattern of in vivo turnover of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and TREC depletion in naive CD4+ T-cells, although naive T-cell turnover was relatively unaffected by either infection. T-cell turnover, immune activation, and progressor status were closely associated. Conclusions. HIV-2 non-progressors have low rates of T-cell turnover (both CD4+ and CD8+) and minimal immune activation; high viral load HIV-2 progressors had high values, similar to or exceeding those in HIV-1 infection.
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