Interpreting the Tape of Life: Ancestry-Based Analyses Provide Insights and Intuition about Evolutionary Dynamics

Interpreting the Tape of Life: Ancestry-Based Analyses Provide Insights and Intuition about Evolutionary Dynamics
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解释生命的磁带:基于祖先的分析提供了有关进化动力学的见解和直觉

DOI:
10.1162/artl_a_00313
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Ofria, Charles
Ofria, Charles
中科院分区:
计算机科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dolson, Emily;Lalejini, Alexander;Jorgensen, Steven;Ofria, Charles

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当关注整个种群在很长一段时间内的大致笔触时,细微尺度的进化动力学可能很难梳理出来。我们提出了一套对数字进化实验中的谱系和系统发育进行操作的诊断分析技术,目的是提高我们在数字进化实验中定量探索进化历史细微差别的能力。我们提出了三种类型的谱系测量:谱系长度、突变累积和表型波动性。此外,我们建议采用生物学上的四种系统发育测量方法:系统发育丰富度、系统发育分歧、系统发育规律性和最近共同祖先的深度。除了定量度量外,我们还讨论了几种现有的数据可视化,这些数据可视化对于理解谱系和系统发育是有用的:状态序列可视化、适应度景观覆盖、系统发育树和Muller图。我们在两个经过充分研究的计算环境中考察了这些指标的行为(借助数据可视化):(1)在一系列变异率和选择强度下的一组二维实值优化问题,以及(2)在Avida数字进化平台中的一组本质上不同的环境。这些结果证实了我们的直觉,即这些指标如何对各种进化条件做出反应,并表明它们的广泛价值。
Fine-scale evolutionary dynamics can be challenging to tease out when focused on the broad brush strokes of whole populations over long time spans. We propose a suite of diagnostic analysis techniques that operate on lineages and phylogenies in digital evolution experiments, with the aim of improving our capacity to quantitatively explore the nuances of evolutionary histories in digital evolution experiments. We present three types of lineage measurements: lineage length, mutation accumulation, and phenotypic volatility. Additionally, we suggest the adoption of four phylogeny measurements from biology: phylogenetic richness, phylogenetic divergence, phylogenetic regularity, and depth of the most-recent common ancestor. In addition to quantitative metrics, we also discuss several existing data visualizations that are useful for understanding lineages and phylogenies: state sequence visualizations, fitness landscape overlays, phylogenetic trees, and Muller plots. We examine the behavior of these metrics (with the aid of data visualizations) in two well-studied computational contexts: (1) a set of two-dimensional, real-valued optimization problems under a range of mutation rates and selection strengths, and (2) a set of qualitatively different environments in the Avida digital evolution platform. These results confirm our intuition about how these metrics respond to various evolutionary conditions and indicate their broad value.
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