Underwater noise levels in UK waters.
Underwater noise levels in UK waters.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep36942
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发表时间：
2016-11-10
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Witt MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Merchant ND;Brookes KL;Faulkner RC;Bicknell AW;Godley BJ;Witt MJ
人类活动产生的水下噪音似乎在增加，对对声音敏感的海洋生物和海洋生态系统的运作产生了影响。政策制定者开始应对生态影响的风险，但由于缺乏关于当前和历史噪音水平的数据而受到限制。在这里，我们提出了第一个国家协调的努力，以量化水下噪声水平，在欧盟海洋战略框架指令（MSFD）下的英国政策目标的支持。2013年至2014年期间，在英国各地的12个地点进行了实地测量。对于63-500 Hz的三分之一倍频程频带，中值噪声水平范围为81.5-95.5 dB re 1 μPa。噪声暴露变化很大，在凯尔特海网站的人为影响很小，几个北海网站与持续的船舶噪音。声学指标的比较发现，RMS水平（传统上用于表示平均值）被离群值高度偏斜，在某些频率下超过第97百分位数。我们的结论是，人为噪声的环境指标，而不是使用的统计，以确保统计的稳健性。功率分析表明，至少需要30年的连续监测，才能检测到与东北太平洋噪音水平历史上升幅度相似的趋势。
Underwater noise from human activities appears to be rising, with ramifications for acoustically sensitive marine organisms and the functioning of marine ecosystems. Policymakers are beginning to address the risk of ecological impact, but are constrained by a lack of data on current and historic noise levels. Here, we present the first nationally coordinated effort to quantify underwater noise levels, in support of UK policy objectives under the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Field measurements were made during 2013–2014 at twelve sites around the UK. Median noise levels ranged from 81.5–95.5 dB re 1 μPa for one-third octave bands from 63–500 Hz. Noise exposure varied considerably, with little anthropogenic influence at the Celtic Sea site, to several North Sea sites with persistent vessel noise. Comparison of acoustic metrics found that the RMS level (conventionally used to represent the mean) was highly skewed by outliers, exceeding the 97th percentile at some frequencies. We conclude that environmental indicators of anthropogenic noise should instead use percentiles, to ensure statistical robustness. Power analysis indicated that at least three decades of continuous monitoring would be required to detect trends of similar magnitude to historic rises in noise levels observed in the Northeast Pacific.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Hildebrand, John A.
影响因子：
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