Pest suppression potential varies across 10 bioenergy cropping systems
Pest suppression potential varies across 10 bioenergy cropping systems
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10 种生物能源种植系统的害虫抑制潜力各不相同
DOI：
10.1111/gcbb.13053
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Landis, Douglas A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haan, Nathan L.;Landis, Douglas A.
自上而下抑制食草动物是一个基本的生态过程，也是农业景观的关键服务。在未来几十年，采用生物能源种植系统很可能成为一个日益重要的驱动因素，造成这一服务的损失或收益。我们通过部署橡皮泥哨兵毛虫模拟物，在长期实验阵列中测量了十种模型生物能源作物的自然害虫抑制潜力，这些模拟物记录了捕食者攻击的印记。种植系统包括三种密集的年行种植系统和一系列简单的多年生单作和更复杂的混作。我们比较了10种种植系统的发病率，并评估了生长季节内以及地面和冠层之间随时间的差异。我们发现不同种植系统的发病率存在很大差异，多年生作物的发病率通常高于一年生作物。然而，结果在空间和时间上各不相同，无论是在种植系统内部还是在不同的种植系统之间。鸟类和小型哺乳动物对一年生作物的大部分（有时是全部）攻击负责，在季节的早期最为重要。咀嚼节肢动物的攻击增加的过程中的生长季节，负责大多数攻击事件在常年系统。在夏末，几乎没有攻击一年生作物冠层，而攻击率在多年生植物冠层在同一时间是相当高的，几乎完全是由咀嚼节肢动物进行。我们的研究结果强调，相对于多年生植物，在一年生生物能源种植系统中缺乏营养的复杂性。它们还说明了季节性以及地面和植物冠层之间捕食者活动和捕食强度的巨大变化。增加一年生作物生物能源足迹的政策和做法可能会导致地方和景观规模的虫害抑制服务不足。
Top‐down suppression of herbivores is a fundamental ecological process and a critical service in agricultural landscapes. Adoption of bioenergy cropping systems is likely to become an increasingly important driver causing loss or gain of this service in coming decades. We measured natural pest suppression potential in ten model bioenergy crops in a long‐term experimental array by deploying plasticine sentinel caterpillar mimics, which record imprints from predator attacks. Cropping systems included three intensive annual row crop systems and a range of simple perennial monocultures and more complex polycultures. We compared attack rates across the ten cropping systems and assessed differences over time within a growing season and between the ground level and canopy. We found strong differences in attack rates across cropping systems, usually with more attacks in perennial crops than annuals. However, outcomes varied in space and time, both within and among cropping systems. Birds and small mammals were responsible for most, and sometimes all, attacks in annual crops and were most important early in the season. Chewing arthropod attacks increased over the course of the growing season and were responsible for most attack events in perennial systems. In late summer there were almost no attacks in annual crop canopies, while attack rates in perennial canopies at the same time were quite high and were carried out almost entirely by chewing arthropods. Our results underscore the lack of trophic complexity in annual bioenergy cropping systems relative to perennials. They also illustrate the dramatic changes in predator activity and predation intensity that occur both seasonally and between the ground and plant canopy. Policies and practices that increase the footprint of annual crops for bioenergy are likely to cause a deficit in pest suppression services at local and landscape scales.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2101084119
发表时间：
2022-03-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Lark TJ;Hendricks NP;Smith A;Pates N;Spawn-Lee SA;Bougie M;Booth EG;Kucharik CJ;Gibbs HK
通讯作者：
Gibbs HK
步甲翼龙利用化学信号进行机会性捕食和腐食，但不是为了寻找健康的猎物
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
M. Ferrante;G. Barone;G. Lövei
通讯作者：
G. Lövei
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Hertzog, Lionel R.;Ebeling, Anne;Meyer, Sebastian T.
通讯作者：
Meyer, Sebastian T.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Ferrante, Marco;Lovei, Gabor L.;Ichim, Mihael Cristin
通讯作者：
Ichim, Mihael Cristin
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Baum, Sarah;Bolte, Andreas;Weih, Martin
通讯作者：
Weih, Martin