Why birds sing loud songs and why they sometimes don't
Why birds sing loud songs and why they sometimes don't
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为什么鸟儿会大声唱歌，为什么有时却不会
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.03.030
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Zollinger S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zollinger S
鸟的歌声是一种引人注目的表演，用来吸引配偶和保卫领土。歌曲振幅在交际中起着至关重要的作用，但往往被忽视。大声唱歌更有吸引力，也能促进交流，所以为什么不大声唱歌呢？我们发现大声的歌曲并不比安静的歌曲消耗更多的能量。大声唱歌受到社会和行为成本的限制，而不是精力成本。在鸟鸣和最常见的声学通信系统中，研究通常集中在时间和频率相关的信号参数上。然而，尽管振幅的变化经常被忽视，也很少被测量，但它们在通信中同样重要。最近的研究表明，声音振幅在鸟类的领土行为和配偶选择中都起着重要作用。一些鸣禽物种已经被证明可以发出低振幅的歌声，主要用于雄性之间的攻击性相遇。另一方面，响亮的歌声可能是男性当前状况的真实信号，最近的研究表明，女性可能更喜欢高振幅的歌曲。尽管人们普遍认为声音大的歌曲制作成本更高，但很少有经验证据支持这一假设。在这里，我们回顾了在不同声音振幅下唱歌的代谢成本的数据，并讨论了我们实验室最近的研究表明，更响亮的歌声会引起领地雄性更强烈的攻击反应。总之，这些发现表明，虽然大声唱歌的能量成本可以忽略不计，但社会攻击性可能是限制声音信号上限的关键制约因素。最后，我们讨论了未来的方向，可以增加我们对振幅在动物声学通信中所起作用的理解。
HighlightsBirdsong is a conspicuous display used to attract mates and defend territories.Song amplitude is often overlooked but plays a critical role in communication.Loud songs are more attractive and improve communication so why not always sing loud?We find that loud songs are not more energetically costly to produce than quiet ones.Loud song is constrained by social and behavioural costs rather than energetic costs.In birdsong, and in most commonly studied acoustic communication systems, research has often focused on temporal and frequency-related signal parameters. However, although variations in amplitude are often overlooked and seldom measured, they are just as critical in communication. Recent studies have demonstrated that vocal amplitude plays an important role in both territorial behaviours and mate choice in birds. Several songbird species have been shown to produce low-amplitude songs, used primarily in aggressive encounters between males. On the other hand, loud songs may be an honest signal of current condition in males and recent studies have shown that females may prefer high-amplitude songs. Although it is generally assumed that louder song is more costly to produce, there is little empirical evidence to support this assumption. Here we review data on the metabolic costs of singing at different vocal amplitudes, and discuss recent studies from our laboratory showing that louder songs elicit stronger aggressive responses from territorial males. Together, these findings suggest that while the energetic costs of singing loudly are negligibly small, social aggression may be a key constraint that limits the upper amplitude of vocal signals. Finally we discuss future directions that can increase our understanding of the role that amplitude plays in acoustic communication in animals.
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1564817
发表时间：
2003-05
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brian S. Nelson
通讯作者：
Brian S. Nelson
歌麻雀和其他鸣禽的攻击性信号
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Searcy;Çağlar Akçay;S. Nowicki;M. D. Beecher
通讯作者：
M. D. Beecher
发展压力、歌曲学习和认知。
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
S. Peters;W. Searcy;S. Nowicki
通讯作者：
S. Nowicki
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
GOTTLANDER, K
通讯作者：
GOTTLANDER, K
伊普斯威奇麻雀歌唱活力的昂贵性和可靠性
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
M. Reid
通讯作者：
M. Reid