Two decades after BRCA: setting paradigms in personalized cancer care and prevention.

Two decades after BRCA: setting paradigms in personalized cancer care and prevention.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1251827
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发表时间:
2014-03-28
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Offit K
Offit K
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Couch FJ;Nathanson KL;Offit K

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近二十年前,乳腺癌易感基因 BRCA1 和 BRCA2 的克隆引发了一系列研究,探索如何最佳地应用基因组信息来识别和临床护理患有癌症高风险的个体。此后,BRCA1、BRCA2 和其他乳腺癌易感基因突变的基因检测已被证明是一种有价值的工具,可用于确定强化筛查和预防策略的资格,以及识别最有可能从靶向治疗中受益的患者。在这里,我们讨论 BRCA1 和 BRCA2 遗传突变和序列变异的情况、序列变异致病性不确定时确定疾病风险的复杂性,以及携带 BRCA1/2 突变女性的当前临床管理策略。
The cloning of the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 nearly two decades ago helped set in motion an avalanche of research exploring how genomic information can be optimally applied to identify and clinically care for individuals with a high risk of developing cancer. Genetic testing for mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, and other breast cancer susceptibility genes has since proved to be a valuable tool for determining eligibility for enhanced screening and prevention strategies, as well as for identifying patients most likely to benefit from a targeted therapy. Here, we discuss the landscape of inherited mutations and sequence variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2, the complexities of determining disease risk when the pathogenicity of sequence variants is uncertain, and current strategies for clinical management of women who carry BRCA1/2 mutations.
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