Anecdotal, Historical and Critical Commentaries on Genetics Seventy Years Ago in Genetics: H. S. Jennings and Inbreeding Theory
Anecdotal, Historical and Critical Commentaries on Genetics Seventy Years Ago in Genetics: H. S. Jennings and Inbreeding Theory
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七十年前遗传学中关于遗传学的轶事、历史和批判评论：H.S.詹宁斯和近亲繁殖理论
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
James F. Crow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
James F. Crow
AOMI富兰克林（1967）将“正常”的N重组事件描述为“在同源DNA片段之间以规律性和相对高的频率发生的事件”。这种重组，我们大家都很熟悉，发生高保真度，并导致交叉和基因转换。同源重组的分子机制至少以概要的形式被理解（DRESSLER和POTTER 1982）。另一方面，富兰克林（197 - 1）将“异常”或“非法”重组描述为“罕见的、偶然的、不明显依赖于遗传同源性的”。这种重组通常被称为“非同源”，表明碱基序列同源性的延伸区域不存在于交叉点。非法重组的例子包括导致缺失和复制的DNA重排，以及专门的转导突变。这一期的《遗传学》标志着富兰克林（1967）的一篇论文发表20周年，她在论文中研究了非法重组与同源重组的关系。这一观点将考虑我们对非法重组的理解，特别是与自发删除的形成有关的理解，在这二十年中是如何成熟的。富兰克林1967年实验的目的是确定自发缺失是否是利用同源重组的酶机制产生的。她的实验是通过分离同源重组被消除的突变体而实现的（Rankik和MARCULIES 1965; HOWARD-FLANDERS和THERIOT 1966）。富兰克林的实验简单而直接：在重组熟练和重组缺陷的背景下测量自发缺失的频率。她的结果同样直接：重组缺陷对自发缺失的频率没有影响。许多研究者随后也得到了类似的结果（例如，见INSELBURC 1967; SPUDICH、HORN和YANOFSKY 1970; MULLER-HILL和KANIA
AOMI FRANKLIN (1967) described “normal” N recombination events as “those which occur with regularity and relatively high frequency between homologous DNA segments.” Such recombination, familiar to us all, occurs with high fidelity and results in crossing over and gene conversion. Molecular mechanisms of homologous recombination are understood in at least outline form (DRESSLER and POTTER 1982). FRANKLIN (197 1) described “extraordinary” or “illegitimate” recombination, on the other hand, as being “rare, haphazard, and not obviously dependent upon genetic homology.” Such recombination is typically termed “nonhomologous,” indicating that extended regions of base sequence homology are not present at the crossover point. Examples of illegitimate recombination include the DNA rearrangements leading to deletions and duplications, and specialized transducing phages. This issue of GENETICS marks the 20th anniversary of a paper by FRANKLIN (1 967) in which she investigated the relationship of illegitimate to homologous recombination. This Perspectives will consider how our understanding of illegitimate recombination-especially that which relates to formation of spontaneous deletions-has matured during these two decades. The goal of FRANKLIN’S 1967 experiments was to determine whether spontaneous deletions are generated using the enzymatic machinery of homologous recombination. Her experiments were made possible by the isolation of mutants in which homologous recombination is abolished (CLARK and MARCULIES 1965; HOWARD-FLANDERS and THERIOT 1966). FRANKLIN’S experiments were simple and direct: the frequency of spontaneous deletions was measured in recombination-proficient and recombination-deficient backgrounds. Her results were equally direct: a recombination deficiency had no effect on the frequency of spontaneous deletions. Similar results have been obtained subsequently by numerous investigators (see, for example, INSELBURC 1967; SPUDICH, HORN and YANOFSKY 1970; MULLER-HILL and KANIA
果蝇 Om 突变体与其抑制基因之间的正式关系。
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Hinton,CW
通讯作者：
Hinton,CW