Quadrapyrgites from the lower Cambrian of South China: growth pattern, post-embryonic development, and affinity
Quadrapyrgites from the lower Cambrian of South China: growth pattern, post-embryonic development, and affinity
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华南下寒武统方铜矿：生长模式、胚后发育及亲缘关系
DOI：
10.1007/s11434-014-0481-5
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Qiao, Jinpeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Yunhuan;Li, Yong;Shao, Tiequan;Zhang, Huaqiao;Wang, Qi;Qiao, Jinpeng
Quadrapyrgites是华南早寒武世小壳动物群中发现的一种具有胚胎和胚后阶段的微体化石，与Olivoides关系密切。它们的发育模式和系统位置是近年来古胚胎学和进化生物学研究的热点，但仍存在争议。本文描述了采自华南下寒武统的四角龙化石Quadrapyrgitesquadratacris的生长模式和胚后发育过程。Q.方节位于口端，并且在口孔内产生新的终叶。末端叶首先控制管的打开和关闭，然后转移到顶部，从而延长管。胚后发育的特征是在胚后组织上逐个增加嵴，并重建了嵴数为1 ~ 17的个体发育序列。在个体发育过程中，胚胎组织在大小和形态上保持稳定。口孔是管的唯一开口，而在顶端没有可能的肛门。Quadrapyrgites被认为是Olivooides的姐妹群，现在这被相同的生长模式和胚后发育所加强。
Quadrapyrgites is a microfossil reported with embryonic and post-embryonic stages from the lower Cambrian small shelly fauna of South China, and is closely related to Olivooides. Their development mode and systematic positions are hot topics in palaeoembryology and evolutionary biology in recent years, but are still under debate. Here, we present a description on the growth pattern and post-embryonic development of Quadrapyrgitesquadratacris recovered from the lower Cambrian of South China. The growth zone of Q. quadratacris is situated at the oral end, and new terminal lobes are generated within the oral aperture. The terminal lobes are first in control of the opening and closure of the tubes, and later transferred to be crests, thus elongating the tubes. The post-embryonic development is characterized by a one-by-one addition of crests on the post-embryonic tissue, and an ontogenetic sequence with crest number from 1 to 17 is reconstructed. During the ontogeny, the embryonic tissue remains stable in size and morphology. The oral aperture is the only opening of the tubes, while a possible anus on the apical end does not occur. Quadrapyrgites was proposed to be the sister group of Olivooides, and now this is strengthened by the identical growth pattern and post-embryonic development.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01611953
发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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