Women and barriers to harm reduction services: a literature review and initial findings from a qualitative study in Barcelona, Spain.
Women and barriers to harm reduction services: a literature review and initial findings from a qualitative study in Barcelona, Spain.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12954-020-00429-5
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发表时间：
2020-10-19
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Csak R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shirley-Beavan S;Roig A;Burke-Shyne N;Daniels C;Csak R
据估计，全世界有320万妇女注射吸毒，占所有注射吸毒者的20%。现有的有限数据表明，注射吸毒的妇女比注射吸毒的男子感染艾滋病毒和病毒性肝炎的风险更大。这种脆弱性的增加是影响妇女的一系列环境、社会和个人因素的产物，这些因素也影响她们参与减少伤害等促进健康服务的能力。研究人员进行了一项叙述性文献综述，研究了欧洲吸毒妇女获得减少伤害服务的情况，并与西班牙巴塞罗那的吸毒妇女和减少伤害和监狱卫生工作者进行了半结构化的焦点小组。吸毒妇女在获得减少伤害服务方面面临多重障碍。这些问题包括：在整个社会中以及在监狱和社区中的保健和减少伤害工作者的污名化;基于性别的暴力和缺乏能够解决吸毒与暴力经历之间相互作用的服务;以法律的障碍、执法部门的逮捕和骚扰以及监禁等形式将吸毒定为刑事犯罪;缺乏针对妇女具体需求的服务，特别是性健康和生殖健康服务以及儿童保育。在巴塞罗那，参与者报告说经历了所有这些障碍，他们与Metzineres减少危害中心的合作在一定程度上减轻了这些障碍。然而，妇女在获得减少伤害服务方面继续遇到结构性障碍。使用毒品的妇女和性别不符合者在获得减少伤害服务方面面临独特的障碍。虽然像Metzineres这样的服务可以改变其成员的生活和生活，但各国有责任采取行动，解决吸毒妇女面临的结构性健康障碍。
There are an estimated 3.2 million women who inject drugs worldwide, constituting 20% of all people who inject drugs. The limited data that are available suggest that women who inject drugs are at greater risk of HIV and viral hepatitis acquisition than men who inject drugs. This increased vulnerability is a product of a range of environmental, social and individual factors affecting women, which also affect their ability to engage in health promoting services such as harm reduction. The researchers undertook a narrative literature review examining access to harm reduction services for women who use drugs in Europe and conducted semi-structured focus groups with women who use drugs and harm reduction and prison health workers in Barcelona, Spain. Women who use drugs face multiple barriers to accessing harm reduction services. These include stigma, both in society in general and from health and harm reduction workers in prisons and in the community; gender-based violence and a lack of services that are equipped to address the interaction between drug use and experiences of violence; criminalisation in the form of legal barriers to access, arrest and harassment from law enforcement, and incarceration; and a lack of services focused on the specific needs of women, notably sexual and reproductive health services and childcare. In Barcelona, participants reported experiencing all these barriers, and that their engagement with the Metzineres harm reduction centre had to some extent mitigated them. However, women continued to experience structural barriers to harm reduction service access. Women and gender non-conforming people who use drugs face unique barriers to accessing harm reduction services. While services such as Metzineres can be life changing and life affirming for its members, it is incumbent on states to act to address the structural barriers to health faced by women who use drugs.
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DOI：
10.1097/qai.0b013e3182968d39
发表时间：
2013-08-01
期刊：
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Deering KN;Lyons T;Feng CX;Nosyk B;Strathdee SA;Montaner JS;Shannon K
通讯作者：
Shannon K
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Chaudoir SR;Earnshaw VA;Andel S
通讯作者：
Andel S
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Davis, Sara L. M.;Triwahyuono, Agus;Alexander, Risa
通讯作者：
Alexander, Risa
DOI：
10.1080/09540121.2017.1394965
发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Ayon, Sylvia;Ndimbii, James;Mburu, Gitau
通讯作者：
Mburu, Gitau
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Campbell, JC
通讯作者：
Campbell, JC