Effects of experimental situation on group cooperation and individual performance: Comparing laboratory and online experiments.
Effects of experimental situation on group cooperation and individual performance: Comparing laboratory and online experiments.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0267251
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nakama, Daisuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ozono, Hiroki;Nakama, Daisuke
随着在线行为实验的普及，在对数据可推广性的讨论中，对实验情境和样本异质性的影响的估计越来越多。在这项研究中，我们研究了实验情况（实验室/在线）如何影响群体合作和个人绩效。参与者是日本大学生，随机分配到实验室或在线实验。在小组合作任务中，被试被要求进行有惩罚和无惩罚的公共物品博弈，但实验情境对合作行为和惩罚行为都没有影响。对于个人任务，参与者被要求执行任务，包括创造性任务和枯燥的任务。我们操纵了外部激励的存在与否。结果，除了一个例外，实验情况之间没有显着差异：只有在实验室情况下，在存在外部激励的情况下，困难的创造性任务的表现会降低。此外，我们进行了一个额外的实验，使用相同的治疗日本在线工人样本。这个样本在公共产品博弈中比学生样本更不合作，无论是有惩罚还是没有惩罚。此外，外部激励的存在促进了在线工作者样本的性能仅为沉闷的任务。我们讨论了与以前的研究，研究实验情况和样本异质性的影响，并在真实的世界中的远程工作的影响的相似性和差异。
With the spread of online behavioral experiments, estimating the effects of experimental situations and sample heterogeneity is increasing in discussions of the generalizability of data. In this study, we examined how the experimental situations (laboratory/online) affected group cooperation and individual performances. The participants were Japanese university students, randomly assigned to laboratory or online experiments. For the group cooperation task, they were asked to perform the public goods game with or without punishment, but no effect of the experimental situation was found both for cooperative and punitive behaviors. For the individual tasks, participants were asked to perform tasks including a creative task and a dull task. We manipulated the presence or absence of an external incentive. As a result, there was no significant difference between the experimental situations with one exception: only in the laboratory situation was the performance of the difficult creative task lower in the presence of an external incentive. Furthermore, we conducted as an additional experiment using the same treatments for a Japanese online-worker sample. This sample was less cooperative in the public goods game than the student sample, both with and without punishment. In addition, the presence of external incentives facilitated performance of the online-worker sample only for the dull task. We discuss the similarities and differences with previous studies that examined the effects of experimental situations and sample heterogeneity, and the implications for remote work in the real world.
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