Immune evasion of porcine enteric coronaviruses and viral modulation of antiviral innate signaling.

Immune evasion of porcine enteric coronaviruses and viral modulation of antiviral innate signaling.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.virusres.2016.05.015
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发表时间:
2016-12-02
期刊:
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Yoo D
Yoo D
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang Q;Yoo D

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肠道冠状病毒已经进化为调节宿主先天免疫。病毒IFN拮抗剂已被确定,它们大多是多余的。为了保护肠上皮细胞免受肠道病毒的侵害,III型IFN起主要作用。猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)和猪三角洲冠状病毒(PDCoV)是近年来在猪体内出现和再出现的病毒,与传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)一起,给养猪业带来了重大的经济问题。这些病毒感染小肠上皮细胞,引起新生仔猪的水样腹泻、脱水和高死亡率。I型干扰素(IFN-α/β)是形成宿主先天免疫的主要抗病毒细胞因子,并且反过来,这些肠道冠状病毒已经进化成在感染期间调节宿主先天免疫信号传导。然而,越来越多的证据表明,肠上皮细胞中的IFN诱导和信号传导与其他上皮细胞不同,这主要是由于肠上皮粘膜表面和共生微生物群落的独特特征,并且III型干扰素(IFN-λ)似乎发挥着关键作用维持肠道的抗病毒状态。本文综述了猪肠道冠状病毒的免疫逃避策略以及不同类型干扰素在肠道抗病毒天然免疫中的作用。
Enteric coronaviruses have evolved to modulate the host innate immunity. Viral IFN antagonists have been identified and they are mostly redundant. For protection of intestinal epithelia from enteric viruses, type III IFN plays a major role. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) are emerged and reemerging viruses in pigs, and together with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), pose significant economic concerns to the swine industry. These viruses infect epithelial cells of the small intestine and cause watery diarrhea, dehydration, and a high mortality in neonatal piglets. Type I interferons (IFN-α/β) are major antiviral cytokines forming host innate immunity, and in turn, these enteric coronaviruses have evolved to modulate the host innate immune signaling during infection. Accumulating evidence however suggests that IFN induction and signaling in the intestinal epithelial cells differ from other epithelial cells, largely due to distinct features of the gut epithelial mucosal surface and commensal microflora, and it appears that type III interferon (IFN-λ) plays a key role to maintain the antiviral state in the gut. This review describes the recent understanding on the immune evasion strategies of porcine enteric coronaviruses and the role of different types of IFNs for intestinal antiviral innate immunity.
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