Harm reduction via online platforms for people who use drugs in Russia: a qualitative analysis of web outreach work.
Harm reduction via online platforms for people who use drugs in Russia: a qualitative analysis of web outreach work.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s12954-020-00452-6
复制
发表时间：
2020-12-09
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
King EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davitadze A;Meylakhs P;Lakhov A;King EJ
在俄罗斯，对吸毒者（PWUD）的减少伤害服务在数量、政府认可和可及性方面都是不足的。由于COVID-19疫情的社交距离措施，情况最近进一步恶化。一些组织已开始通过网络外联，通过在线平台提供一些减少危害的服务。然而，人们对如何组织和实施在线外联服务知之甚少。以圣彼得堡非政府组织"人道主义行动"为例，我们探讨了Telegram即时通讯中的网络外联工作。我们的数据包括4个非政府组织工作人员的半结构化访谈和301例PWUD的网络外展工作。我们使用专题分析，研究网络外展的过程中，减少危害的服务提供，和PWUD的需求。确定了网络外联工作的三个阶段：客户发起交流，非政府组织工作人员满足客户的需要，非政府组织工作人员接受客户的反馈。交流是在群聊或者私聊中进行的。当客户在下班后寻求帮助、发送录音留言、发送不清楚的信息和/或不愿意过渡到电话沟通时，在满足客户需求方面就会出现挑战。所有网络外联工作者都报告说，他们的工作只得到积极的反馈。PWUD的需求分为两大主题，取决于它们是否可以全部或部分在线解决。在仅在线提供服务的情况下，网络外展工作者帮助残疾人、残疾人和青年人治疗轻微的注射吸毒并发症，获得经核实的减少伤害信息，并获得一般心理支持。在提供部分在线服务的情况下，帮助残疾人获得严重注射吸毒并发症、过量用药的治疗，以及获得离线医疗、心理、社会、法律的和减少伤害服务。我们的研究表明，网络外展工作是一种方便的工具，可以部分或完全在线向PWUD提供一些减少伤害的服务，并招募新客户（包括难以接触的PWUD，避免参加实体设施）。减少危害组织应考虑将在线减少危害服务纳入其活动。然而，需要进一步的研究，以探讨网上减少伤害服务的相对优势和劣势。
Harm reduction services to people who use drugs (PWUD) in Russia are insufficient in terms of quantity, government endorsement, and accessibility. The situation has recently deteriorated even further because of social distancing measures of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several organizations have started to provide some harm reduction services via online platforms by web outreach. However, little is known on how online outreach services are organized and implemented. Drawing on the example of St. Petersburg-based NGO “Humanitarian Action,” we explored web outreach work in Telegram instant messenger. Our data were comprised of 4 semi-structured interviews with the NGO staff and 301 cases of web outreach work with PWUD. We used thematic analysis to study the process of web outreach, harm reduction service provision, and needs of PWUD. Three stages of the process of web outreach work were identified: clients initiating communication, NGO workers addressing clients’ needs, and NGO workers receiving clients’ feedback. Communication proceeded in group chat or direct messages. Challenges in addressing clients’ needs happened when clients turned for help after hours, sent recorded voice messages, sent unclear messages, and/or were unwilling to transition to telephone communication. All web outreach workers reported receiving only positive feedback on their work. The needs of PWUD were categorized into two major themes, depending on whether they can be addressed fully or partially online. In cases of online only provision of services, web outreach workers helped PWUD treat minor injection drug use complications, obtain verified harm reduction information and receive general psychological support. In instances of partial online services provision, PWUD were assisted in getting treatment of severe injection drug use complications, overdoses, and in accessing offline medical, psychological, social, legal and harm reduction services. Our research demonstrated that web outreach work is a convenient tool for delivering some harm reduction services to PWUD either partially or completely online and for recruiting new clients (including hard-to-reach PWUD that avoid attending brick-and-mortar facilities). Harm reduction organizations should consider incorporating online harm reduction services into their activities. However, further research is needed to explore relative advantages and disadvantages of online harm reduction services.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Rolando, Sara;Beccaria, Franca
通讯作者：
Beccaria, Franca
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Masson, Kimberley;Bancroft, Angus
通讯作者：
Bancroft, Angus
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Rhumorbarbe, Damien;Morelato, Marie;Esseiva, Pierre
通讯作者：
Esseiva, Pierre
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Kozlov, Andrei P.;Skochilov, Roman V.;Shaboltas, Alla V.
通讯作者：
Shaboltas, Alla V.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Meylakhs, Peter;Friedman, Samuel R.;Dmitrieva, Alexandra
通讯作者：
Dmitrieva, Alexandra