Breed and feed affect amino acid contents of egg yolk and eggshell color in chickens.
Breed and feed affect amino acid contents of egg yolk and eggshell color in chickens.
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DOI：
10.3382/ps/pez557
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发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Goto T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mori H;Takaya M;Nishimura K;Goto T
遗传和环境因素影响着鸡蛋的性状。为了验证遗传和环境因素对设计蛋产生的影响，本研究以罗德岛红（RIR）和澳皇鸡（AUS） 2个鸡品种和2种饲料、混合饲料和发酵饲料为研究对象，研究了品种和饲料对鸡蛋性状的影响。在33周龄（混合饲料下0月龄）和改用发酵饲料后1、1.5和2月龄分别采集40只鸡蛋。采用双因素方差分析混合设计评价10个性状：重量、长轴长度、短轴长度、蛋壳重量、蛋黄重量、蛋白重量、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳亮度、红度、黄度和19个蛋黄氨基酸。结果表明，品种对蛋壳红度和黄度的影响显著，其中RIR蛋的红度和黄度高于AUS蛋。饲料对蛋壳亮度有显著影响，发酵饲料的蛋壳颜色较混合饲料浅。品种和品种×饲料对蛋黄半胱氨酸含量有显著影响。澳洲产蛋的蛋黄半胱氨酸含量高于RIR产蛋。发酵饲料开始后，AUS蛋的半胱氨酸含量逐渐升高，但RIR随时间保持相对稳定。这些发现表明，通过调整遗传和环境因素，有可能生产出含有丰富成分（包括蛋黄氨基酸）的设计鸡蛋。这是了解鸡增值鸡蛋生产机制的第一步。
Genetic and environmental factors regulate hen egg traits. To demonstrate the possibility of producing designer eggs through genetic and environmental factors, we investigated the effects of breed and feed on egg traits using 2 chicken breeds, Rhode Island Red (RIR) and Australorp (AUS), and 2 feeds, mixed feed and fermented feed. A total of 40 eggs were collected at 33 wk of age (0 mo under mixed feed) and 1, 1.5, and 2 mo after switching to fermented feed. Two-way ANOVA mixed design was used to evaluate 10 egg traits: weight, length of the long axis, length of the short axis, eggshell weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell lightness, redness, and yellowness, and 19 yolk amino acids. The results revealed significant breed effects on eggshell redness and yellowness, with higher values of these traits in RIR eggs compared with AUS eggs. There was a significant effect of feed on eggshell lightness, with a lighter color observed under fermented feed compared with mixed feed. Significant effects of breed and breed × feed were found for yolk cysteine content. Eggs from AUS had a higher yolk cysteine content than those from RIR. The cysteine content in AUS eggs increased gradually after starting fermented feed, although RIR remained relatively constant over time. These findings suggest that it is possible to produce designer eggs with enriched components, including yolk amino acids, by adjusting both genetic and environmental factors. This represents a first step in understanding the mechanisms underlying the production of value-added eggs in chickens.
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影响因子：
15.5
作者：
Pandit RJ;Hinsu AT;Patel NV;Koringa PG;Jakhesara SJ;Thakkar JR;Shah TM;Limon G;Psifidi A;Guitian J;Hume DA;Tomley FM;Rank DN;Raman M;Tirumurugaan KG;Blake DP;Joshi CG
通讯作者：
Joshi CG
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Zhang, LC;Ning, ZH;Yang, N
通讯作者：
Yang, N
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Wolc, A.;Arango, J.;Dekkers, J. C. M.
通讯作者：
Dekkers, J. C. M.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Nikiforuk, Agnieszka;Potasiewicz, Agnieszka;Popik, Piotr
通讯作者：
Popik, Piotr
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Wilson PB
通讯作者：
Wilson PB