Detection of SARS-CoV-2 within the healthcare environment: a multi-centre study conducted during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in England.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 within the healthcare environment: a multi-centre study conducted during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in England.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhin.2020.11.024
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bennett A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore G;Rickard H;Stevenson D;Aranega-Bou P;Pitman J;Crook A;Davies K;Spencer A;Burton C;Easterbrook L;Love HE;Summers S;Welch SR;Wand N;Thompson KA;Pottage T;Richards KS;Dunning J;Bennett A
了解严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 （SARS-CoV-2）是如何在医院内传播的，对于保护工作人员、实施有效的感染控制措施和防止院内传播至关重要。调查了有和没有呼吸道症状的住院患者周围空气和环境表面中SARS-CoV-2的存在。在2019年冠状病毒病第一波爆发期间，在英格兰的八家医院进行了环境采样。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（PCR）和病毒分离试验对样品进行分析。在336个环境表面中有30个（8.9%）检测到SARS-CoV-2 RNA。周期阈值范围为28.8至39.1，相当于2.2 x 105至59个基因组拷贝/拭子。伴随的细菌计数很低，这表明所有八家医院的护理人员和家政人员进行的清洁是有效的。在4名不同患者<1 m的55份空气样本中，有4份检测到SARS-CoV-2 RNA。在所有情况下，病毒RNA的浓度都很低，范围从<10到460基因组拷贝/立方米空气。在分析的任何pcr阳性样本中均未发现传染性病毒。有效的清洁可以降低污染物（接触）传播的风险，但某些表面类型可能会促进SARS-CoV-2的生存、持续和/或传播。空气中存在低浓度或无法检测到的病毒RNA，这支持了目前关于在产生气溶胶和非产生气溶胶的程序中使用特定个人防护设备的指南。
Understanding how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is spread within the hospital setting is essential in order to protect staff, implement effective infection control measures, and prevent nosocomial transmission. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the air and on environmental surfaces around hospitalized patients, with and without respiratory symptoms, was investigated. Environmental sampling was undertaken within eight hospitals in England during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. Samples were analysed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation assays. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on 30 (8.9%) of 336 environmental surfaces. Cycle threshold values ranged from 28.8 to 39.1, equating to 2.2 x 105 to 59 genomic copies/swab. Concomitant bacterial counts were low, suggesting that the cleaning performed by nursing and domestic staff across all eight hospitals was effective. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in four of 55 air samples taken <1 m from four different patients. In all cases, the concentration of viral RNA was low and ranged from <10 to 460 genomic copies/m3 air. Infectious virus was not recovered from any of the PCR-positive samples analysed. Effective cleaning can reduce the risk of fomite (contact) transmission, but some surface types may facilitate the survival, persistence and/or dispersal of SARS-CoV-2. The presence of low or undetectable concentrations of viral RNA in the air supports current guidance on the use of specific personal protective equipment for aerosol-generating and non-aerosol-generating procedures.
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