Social interaction recruits mentalizing and reward systems in middle childhood.

Social interaction recruits mentalizing and reward systems in middle childhood.
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DOI:
10.1002/hbm.24221
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发表时间:
2018-10
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Redcay E
Redcay E
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alkire D;Levitas D;Warnell KR;Redcay E

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社会认知是在相互的社会互动中发展起来的。然而,大多数关于心智化的神经成像研究都使用了非互动任务,这可能无法捕捉到现实世界心智化的重要方面。在成人中,社会互动环境调节与社会认知和奖励相关区域的活动,但很少有针对儿童的互动研究。目前的fMRI研究对8 - 12岁的儿童进行了调查,使用了一种新的范式,在这种范式中,孩子们认为他们在网上与同龄人互动。我们比较了关于现实伴侣(Peer)和故事角色(character)的精神和非精神状态推理,测试了2×2设计中心理化和社会互动的影响。心理与非心理推理涉及的区域在先前的心智化研究中已经确定,包括颞顶叶交界处、颞上沟和背内侧前额皮质。此外,同伴互动,即使在没有明确的心智化要求的情况下,也激活了许多相同的心智化区域。同伴互动也激活了传统心智化网络之外的区域,包括奖励系统。我们的研究结果表明,在儿童中期,社会互动涉及多个神经系统,并进一步证明,需要社会互动范式来充分捕捉大脑在现实世界中如何支持社会处理。
Social cognition develops in the context of reciprocal social interaction. However, most neuroimaging studies of mentalizing have used non-interactive tasks that may fail to capture important aspects of real-world mentalizing. In adults, social-interactive context modulates activity in regions linked to social cognition and reward, but few interactive studies have been done with children. The current fMRI study examines children aged 8­–12 using a novel paradigm in which children believed they were interacting online with a peer. We compared mental and non-mental state reasoning about a live partner (Peer) versus a story character (Character), testing the effects of mentalizing and social interaction in a 2×2 design. Mental versus non-mental reasoning engaged regions identified in prior mentalizing studies, including the temporoparietal junction, superior temporal sulcus, and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, peer interaction, even in conditions without explicit mentalizing demands, activated many of the same mentalizing regions. Peer interaction also activated areas outside the traditional mentalizing network, including the reward system. Our results demonstrate that social interaction engages multiple neural systems during middle childhood and contribute further evidence that social-interactive paradigms are needed to fully capture how the brain supports social processing in the real world.
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