SNX19 restricts endolysosome motility through contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum.

SNX19 restricts endolysosome motility through contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-24709-1
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发表时间:
2021-07-27
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Bonifacino JS
Bonifacino JS
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saric A;Freeman SA;Williamson CD;Jarnik M;Guardia CM;Fernandopulle MS;Gershlick DC;Bonifacino JS

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内溶酶体细胞器在细胞质内移动的能力对于其功能的发挥至关重要。长距离运动涉及内溶酶体与运动蛋白的偶联,运动蛋白将它们沿着微管轨道运送。这种运动受到与其他细胞器相互作用的影响,但所涉及的机制尚不完全清楚。在此,我们表明分选连接蛋白 SNX19 将内溶酶体束缚于内质网 (ER),降低其运动性并有助于其在细胞核周区域的浓度。束缚依赖于两个将 SNX19 锚定到 ER 的 N 端跨膜结构域,以及一个与内溶酶体膜上的磷脂酰肌醇 3-磷酸结合的 PX 结构域。另外两个名为 PXA 和 PXC 的结构域负向调节 SNX19 与内溶酶体的相互作用。因此,这些研究确定了一种控制内溶酶体运动和定位的机制,该机制涉及通过分选连接蛋白束缚到内质网。内质网(ER)-细胞器间膜接触位点已成为细胞器动力学的关键调节因子。在这里,作者报告说,内质网驻留蛋白 SNX19 介导内质网-内溶酶体膜接触,以维持内溶酶体的核周分布并限制其运动。
The ability of endolysosomal organelles to move within the cytoplasm is essential for the performance of their functions. Long-range movement involves coupling of the endolysosomes to motor proteins that carry them along microtubule tracks. This movement is influenced by interactions with other organelles, but the mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. Herein we show that the sorting nexin SNX19 tethers endolysosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), decreasing their motility and contributing to their concentration in the perinuclear area of the cell. Tethering depends on two N-terminal transmembrane domains that anchor SNX19 to the ER, and a PX domain that binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate on the endolysosomal membrane. Two other domains named PXA and PXC negatively regulate the interaction of SNX19 with endolysosomes. These studies thus identify a mechanism for controlling the motility and positioning of endolysosomes that involves tethering to the ER by a sorting nexin. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-interorganelle membrane contact sites have emerged as key regulators of organelle dynamics. Here, the authors report that the ER-resident protein SNX19 mediates ER-endolysosome membrane contacts to maintain the perinuclear distribution of endolysosomes and restrict their motility.
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