Monitoring the dynamic vulnerability of an Arctic subsistence food system to climate change: The case of Ulukhaktok, NT.
Monitoring the dynamic vulnerability of an Arctic subsistence food system to climate change: The case of Ulukhaktok, NT.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0258048
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
van Alstine J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naylor AW;Ford JD;Pearce T;Fawcett D;Clark D;van Alstine J
对气候变化的脆弱性是高度动态的，在不同的时间尺度上，社区之间和社区内部都是不同的。本文以加拿大北部因纽特人粮食系统为研究对象，利用复杂的适应系统思维，开发了一种捕捉、理解和监测气候脆弱性的方法。在西北地区的Ulukhaktok社区，我们在2年的时间里跟踪了10名猎人，要求他们记录他们的采伐活动，并讨论他们在不断变化的环境和社会条件下采伐的生活经历。GPS监测和参与式测绘会议用于记录23,996公里的小径（n = 409），每两周一次的对话式半结构化访谈和二手仪器天气数据用于将气候变化置于其他社会经济、文化和政治压力因素的联系中，这些压力因素也会影响收获。我们的研究结果表明，气候变化具有相当大的影响收获活动的潜力，特别是当其影响表现为异常/极端事件时。然而，气候变化的影响不一定是影响日常收获的最突出问题。相反，与经济（特别是金融资本和以工资为基础的经济）、社会网络和制度相关的因素被发现具有更大的影响，无论是作为具有级联效应的独立因素，还是在同步作用以增强环境变化的影响时。
Vulnerability to climate change is highly dynamic, varying between and within communities over different timescales. This paper draws upon complex adaptive systems thinking to develop an approach for capturing, understanding, and monitoring climate vulnerability in a case study from northern Canada, focusing on Inuit food systems. In the community of Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, we followed 10 hunters over a 2-year period, asking them to document their harvesting activities and discuss their lived experience of harvesting under changing environmental and societal conditions. GPS monitoring and participatory mapping sessions were used to document 23,996km of trails (n = 409), with conversational bi-weekly semi-structured interviews and secondary instrumental weather data used to contextualise climate change within a nexus of other socioeconomic, cultural, and political stressors that also affect harvesting. Our results demonstrate that climate change has considerable potential to affect harvesting activities, particularly when its impacts manifest as anomalous/extreme events. However, climate change impacts are not necessarily the most salient issues affecting harvesting on a day-to-day basis. Instead, factors relating to economics (particularly financial capital and the wage-based economy), social networks, and institutions are found to have a greater influence, either as standalone factors with cascading effects or when acting synchronously to augment the impacts of environmental change.
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