A role for gene duplication and natural variation of gene expression in the evolution of metabolism.
A role for gene duplication and natural variation of gene expression in the evolution of metabolism.
复制标题
基因复制和基因表达自然变异在代谢进化中的作用。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0001838
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发表时间：
2008-03-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kliebenstein DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kliebenstein DJ
大多数真核生物的基因组在其进化历史中经历了全基因组复制。最近的研究表明，这些重复基因的功能可以通过单一基因型内的新功能化或亚功能化而从祖先基因发散。另一种可能性是，基因重复也可能在物种的不同基因型之间进行功能分配，导致遗传分化。最后，基因复制品的分化能力可能受到其生物学功能的限制。为了验证这些假设，我估计基因重复和代谢功能的影响后，种内基因表达变异的节段和串联重复基因在拟南芥。在所有情况下，年轻的串联重复基因表现出较高的种内基因表达变异比平均拟南芥基因。令人惊讶的是，较老的片段重复也显示出升高的种内基因表达变异的证据，尽管通常低于串联重复。代谢途径所定义的基因的特定生物学功能也调节了种内基因表达变异的水平。主要的能量代谢和生物合成途径表现出减少的变化，这表明它们在积累基因表达变异的能力方面受到限制。与此相反，一个主要的草食性防御途径表现出显着升高的种内变异，这表明它可能是在压力下，以保持和/或产生多样性，以应对波动的昆虫草食性压力。这些数据表明，种内基因表达的变异是由基因复制和生物活性的相互作用促进的。此外，这在控制植物代谢的多样性中起作用。
Most eukaryotic genomes have undergone whole genome duplications during their evolutionary history. Recent studies have shown that the function of these duplicated genes can diverge from the ancestral gene via neo- or sub-functionalization within single genotypes. An additional possibility is that gene duplicates may also undergo partitioning of function among different genotypes of a species leading to genetic differentiation. Finally, the ability of gene duplicates to diverge may be limited by their biological function. To test these hypotheses, I estimated the impact of gene duplication and metabolic function upon intraspecific gene expression variation of segmental and tandem duplicated genes within Arabidopsis thaliana. In all instances, the younger tandem duplicated genes showed higher intraspecific gene expression variation than the average Arabidopsis gene. Surprisingly, the older segmental duplicates also showed evidence of elevated intraspecific gene expression variation albeit typically lower than for the tandem duplicates. The specific biological function of the gene as defined by metabolic pathway also modulated the level of intraspecific gene expression variation. The major energy metabolism and biosynthetic pathways showed decreased variation, suggesting that they are constrained in their ability to accumulate gene expression variation. In contrast, a major herbivory defense pathway showed significantly elevated intraspecific variation suggesting that it may be under pressure to maintain and/or generate diversity in response to fluctuating insect herbivory pressures. These data show that intraspecific variation in gene expression is facilitated by an interaction of gene duplication and biological activity. Further, this plays a role in controlling diversity of plant metabolism.
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