From exploration to exploitation: a shifting mental mode in late life development.

From exploration to exploitation: a shifting mental mode in late life development.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tics.2021.09.001
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发表时间:
2021-12
影响因子:
19.9
通讯作者:
Turner GR
Turner GR
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Spreng RN;Turner GR

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认知、情感和大脑功能的变化结合在一起,促进了成年后心理状态性质的转变,更倾向于利用先前的知识,而不是探索性搜索,作为思考和行动的起点。与年龄相关的利用偏差是由于先前知识的积累、认知控制能力的降低和向情感目标的转移,以及大脑网络、注意力和奖励回路的平行变化造成的。通过将这些因素纳入一个统一的账户,从探索到开发的转变提供了一个认知、情感和大脑老化的综合模型。我们回顾了这一模型的证据,确定了决定因素和后果,并调查了偏向剥削的心理模式在以后的生活中带来的挑战和机会。
Changes in cognition, affect and brain function combine to promote a shift in the nature of mentation in older adulthood, favoring exploitation of prior knowledge over exploratory search as the starting point for thought and action. Age-related exploitation biases result from the accumulation of prior knowledge, reduced cognitive control and a shift towards affective goals, and parallel changes to brain networks, attention, and reward circuits. By incorporating these factors into a unified account, the exploration to exploitation shift offers an integrative model of cognitive, affective and brain aging. We review evidence for this model, identify determinants and consequences, and survey the challenges and opportunities posed by an exploitation-biased mental mode in later life.
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