A convolutional neural-network framework for modelling auditory sensory cells and synapses.

A convolutional neural-network framework for modelling auditory sensory cells and synapses.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42003-021-02341-5
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发表时间:
2021-07-01
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Verhulst S
Verhulst S
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Drakopoulos F;Baby D;Verhulst S

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在经典的计算神经科学中,分析模型描述是从神经元记录中推导出来的,以模拟潜在的生物系统。这些神经元模型通常计算速度很慢,并且不能集成到大规模神经元模拟框架中。我们提出了一种混合的机器学习和计算神经科学的方法,将感觉神经元和突触的分析模型转换为具有相同生物物理属性的深层神经网络(DNN)神经元单元。我们的DNN模型体系结构包括并行和可微的方程,可用于神经工程应用中的反向传播,并在CPU或GPU系统上分别提供70%和280%的模拟运行时改进系数。我们专注于听觉神经元和突触的开发,并展示了我们的DNN模型体系结构可以扩展到各种现有的分析模型。我们描述了我们的听觉模型方法如何应用于其他神经元和突触类型,以帮助加快大规模脑网络的发展和基于DNN的病理系统治疗。Drakopoulos等人开发了一种机器学习和计算神经科学方法,将感觉神经元和突触的分析模型转换为具有相同生物物理特性的深层神经网络(DNN)神经元单元。他们将重点放在听觉神经元和突触上,表明他们的DNN模型架构可以扩展到各种现有的分析模型以及其他神经元和突触类型,从而潜在地帮助开发大规模的大脑网络和基于DNN的治疗。
In classical computational neuroscience, analytical model descriptions are derived from neuronal recordings to mimic the underlying biological system. These neuronal models are typically slow to compute and cannot be integrated within large-scale neuronal simulation frameworks. We present a hybrid, machine-learning and computational-neuroscience approach that transforms analytical models of sensory neurons and synapses into deep-neural-network (DNN) neuronal units with the same biophysical properties. Our DNN-model architecture comprises parallel and differentiable equations that can be used for backpropagation in neuro-engineering applications, and offers a simulation run-time improvement factor of 70 and 280 on CPU or GPU systems respectively. We focussed our development on auditory neurons and synapses, and show that our DNN-model architecture can be extended to a variety of existing analytical models. We describe how our approach for auditory models can be applied to other neuron and synapse types to help accelerate the development of large-scale brain networks and DNN-based treatments of the pathological system. Drakopoulos et al developed a machine-learning and computational-neuroscience approach that transforms analytical models of sensory neurons and synapses into deep-neural-network (DNN) neuronal units with the same biophysical properties. Focusing on auditory neurons and synapses, they showed that their DNN-model architecture could be extended to a variety of existing analytical models and to other neuron and synapse types, thus potentially assisting the development of large-scale brain networks and DNN-based treatments.
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