Factors Associated With US Adults' Likelihood of Accepting COVID-19 Vaccination.
Factors Associated With US Adults' Likelihood of Accepting COVID-19 Vaccination.
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DOI：
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25594
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Kriner DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kreps S;Prasad S;Brownstein JS;Hswen Y;Garibaldi BT;Zhang B;Kriner DL
哪些因素与美国成年人选择和愿意接受假设的COVID-19疫苗相关？在这项对1971名美国成年人进行的全国样本调查研究中，疫苗相关属性（例如，疫苗有效性、不良反应和保护期）和政治因素（例如，美国食品和药物管理局的批准程序、疫苗的国家来源和背书）与选择假设的COVID-19疫苗的偏好相关。卫生保健态度和做法、政治党派和人口统计学特征（包括年龄、性别和种族/民族）也与接受疫苗接种的意愿相关。这项调查研究的结果可能有助于为公共卫生运动提供信息，以解决疫苗犹豫问题。这项调查研究评估了与美国成年人选择和愿意接受假设的COVID-19疫苗相关的因素。2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗的开发以前所未有的速度取得进展。公众广泛接种疫苗对遏制这一流行病至关重要。研究与调查参与者自我报告的选择和接受假设的COVID-19疫苗的可能性相关的因素。对2000名招募的参与者进行了一项非概率便利样本的调查研究，包括基于选择的联合分析，以估计受访者选择疫苗的概率和接受疫苗接种的意愿。参与者被要求单独评估他们接受每种假设疫苗的意愿。该调查向受访者提供了5个选择任务。在每个实验中，参与者评估了2种假设的COVID-19疫苗，并被问到他们是否会选择疫苗A、疫苗B或两种疫苗都不选择。疫苗属性包括有效性、保护期、主要不良反应、轻微不良反应、美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准程序、疫苗的国家来源和认可。每种疫苗的每个属性的水平都是随机分配的，并且属性顺序在参与者之间是随机的。调查数据于2020年7月9日收集。计算平均边际分量效应量和边际均值，以估计每个疫苗属性水平与受访者选择疫苗的概率和自我报告的接种意愿之间的关系。共有1971名美国成年人对调查做出了回应（中位年龄，43 [四分位距，30-58]岁）; 999名（51%）为女性，1432名（73%）为白色，277名（14%）为黑人，190名（10%）为拉丁裔。有效性从50%增加到70%与选择疫苗的概率较高相关（系数，0.07; 95% CI，0.06-0.09），从50%增加到90%与选择疫苗的概率较高相关（系数，0.16; 95% CI，0.15-0.18）。保护期从1年增加到5年与选择疫苗的概率较高相关（系数，0.05 95%CI，0.04-0.07）。主要不良反应的发生率从1/10000降至1/1000000与选择疫苗的概率较高相关（系数，0.07; 95%CI，0.05-0.08）。与FDA完全批准相比，FDA紧急使用授权与选择疫苗的概率较低相关（系数，-0.03; 95%CI，-0.04至-0.01）。来自非美国国家的疫苗与选择疫苗的概率较低相关（中国：-0.13 [95% CI，-0.15至-0.11];英国：-0.04 [95% CI，-0.06至-0.02]）。美国疾病控制和预防中心（系数，0.09; 95%CI，0.07-0.11）和世界卫生组织（系数，0.06; 95%CI，0.04-0.08）的认可与特朗普总统的认可相比，与选择疫苗的概率更高相关。对参与者接受每种疫苗的意愿进行单独评估时，分析得出了类似的结果。有效性从50%增加到90%与接受疫苗的边际平均意愿增加10%（从0.51到0.61）相关。主要副作用发生率的降低与接受疫苗的边际平均意愿增加4%相关（从0.54到0.58）。与美国开发的疫苗相比，中国生产的疫苗接种意愿低10%（从0.60到0.50）疾病控制和预防中心和世界卫生组织的认可与接受疫苗的意愿增加有关（分别为7%和6%）从特朗普总统的基线认可（分别从0.52到0.59和从0.52到0.58）。在这项针对美国成年人的调查研究中，疫苗相关属性和政治特征与自我报告的选择假设的COVID-19疫苗的偏好和自我报告的接受疫苗接种的意愿相关。这些结果可能有助于为公共卫生运动提供信息，以解决COVID-19疫苗上市时的疫苗犹豫问题。
What factors are associated with US adults’ choice of and willingness to accept a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine? In this survey study of a national sample of 1971 US adults, vaccine-related attributes (eg, vaccine efficacy, adverse effects, and protection duration) and political factors (eg, US Food and Drug Administration approval process, national origin of vaccine, and endorsements) were associated with preferences for choosing a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine. Health care attitudes and practices, political partisanship, and demographic characteristics, including age, sex, and race/ethnicity, were also associated with willingness to receive a vaccination. The results of this survey study may help inform public health campaigns to address vaccine hesitancy. This survey study evaluates the factors associated with US adults’ choice of and willingness to accept a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine. The development of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine has progressed at unprecedented speed. Widespread public uptake of the vaccine is crucial to stem the pandemic. To examine the factors associated with survey participants’ self-reported likelihood of selecting and receiving a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine. A survey study of a nonprobability convenience sample of 2000 recruited participants including a choice-based conjoint analysis was conducted to estimate respondents’ probability of choosing a vaccine and willingness to receive vaccination. Participants were asked to evaluate their willingness to receive each hypothetical vaccine individually. The survey presented respondents with 5 choice tasks. In each, participants evaluated 2 hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines and were asked whether they would choose vaccine A, vaccine B, or neither vaccine. Vaccine attributes included efficacy, protection duration, major adverse effects, minor adverse effects, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval process, national origin of vaccine, and endorsement. Levels of each attribute for each vaccine were randomly assigned, and attribute order was randomized across participants. Survey data were collected on July 9, 2020. Average marginal component effect sizes and marginal means were calculated to estimate the relationship between each vaccine attribute level and the probability of the respondent choosing a vaccine and self-reported willingness to receive vaccination. A total of 1971 US adults responded to the survey (median age, 43 [interquartile range, 30-58] years); 999 (51%) were women, 1432 (73%) White, 277 (14%) were Black, and 190 (10%) were Latinx. An increase in efficacy from 50% to 70% was associated with a higher probability of choosing a vaccine (coefficient, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.06-0.09), and an increase from 50% to 90% was associated with a higher probability of choosing a vaccine (coefficient, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.15-0.18). An increase in protection duration from 1 to 5 years was associated with a higher probability of choosing a vaccine (coefficient, 0.05 95% CI, 0.04-0.07). A decrease in the incidence of major adverse effects from 1 in 10 000 to 1 in 1 000 000 was associated with a higher probability of choosing a vaccine (coefficient, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.05-0.08). An FDA emergency use authorization was associated with a lower probability of choosing a vaccine (coefficient, −0.03; 95% CI, −0.04 to −0.01) compared with full FDA approval. A vaccine that originated from a non-US country was associated with a lower probability of choosing a vaccine (China: −0.13 [95% CI, −0.15 to −0.11]; UK: −0.04 [95% CI, −0.06 to −0.02]). Endorsements from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (coefficient, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.07-0.11) and the World Health Organization (coefficient, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.04-0.08), compared with an endorsement from President Trump were associated with higher probabilities of choosing a vaccine. Analyses of participants’ willingness to receive each vaccine when assessed individually yielded similar results. An increase in efficacy from 50% to 90% was associated with a 10% higher marginal mean willingness to receive a vaccine (from 0.51 to 0.61). A reduction in the incidence of major side effects was associated with a 4% higher marginal mean willingness to receive a vaccine (from 0.54 to 0.58). A vaccine originating in China was associated with a 10% lower willingness to receive a vaccine vs one developed in the US (from 0.60 to 0.50) Endorsements from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization were associated with increases in willingness to receive a vaccine (7% and 6%, respectively) from a baseline endorsement by President Trump (from 0.52 to 0.59 and from 0.52 to 0.58, respectively). In this survey study of US adults, vaccine-related attributes and political characteristics were associated with self-reported preferences for choosing a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine and self-reported willingness to receive vaccination. These results may help inform public health campaigns to address vaccine hesitancy when a COVID-19 vaccine becomes available.
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DOI：
10.1089/bsp.2009.0041
发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Quinn, Sandra Crouse;Kumar, Supriya;Musa, Donald
通讯作者：
Musa, Donald
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Klein, Sabra L.;Pekosz, Andrew
通讯作者：
Pekosz, Andrew
DOI：
10.1007/s40271-015-0118-z
发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
The patient
影响因子：
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作者：
de Bekker-Grob EW;Donkers B;Jonker MF;Stolk EA
通讯作者：
Stolk EA
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
de Bekker-Grob, Esther W.;Veldwijk, Jorien;Bindels, Patrick
通讯作者：
Bindels, Patrick
影响因子：
19
作者：
Determann, D.;Korfage, I. J.;de Bekker-Grob, E. W.
通讯作者：
de Bekker-Grob, E. W.