Efficient Parameter Estimation for DNA Kinetics Modeled as Continuous-Time Markov Chains

Efficient Parameter Estimation for DNA Kinetics Modeled as Continuous-Time Markov Chains
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作为连续时间马尔可夫链建模的 DNA 动力学的有效参数估计

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-030-26807-7_5
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
DNA Computing and Molecular Programming
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Condon, A
Condon, A
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zolaktaf, S;Dannenberg, F;Winfree, E;Bouchard-Côté, A;Schmidt, M;Condon, A

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核酸动力学模拟器旨在预测相互作用的核酸链的动力学。许多模拟器将相互作用的核酸链的动力学建模为连续时间马尔可夫链(CTMC)。CTMC的状态代表二级结构的集合,状态之间的转变对应于碱基对的形成或断裂,并由核酸动力学模型确定。这些CTMC可以形成的状态数在链的长度上可能是指数级的,这使得两项重要的任务变得具有挑战性,即平均首次通过时间(MFPT)估计和基于MFPTs的动力学模型的参数估计。吉列斯皮的随机模拟算法(SSA)被广泛用于分析核酸折叠动力学,但对于CTMC状态空间较大的反应或慢反应,计算代价较高。对于参数估计中出现的任意参数集来说,这也可能是昂贵的。我们的工作解决了这两个具有挑战性的任务,在每个反应的所有非假结二级结构的完整状态空间中。在第一个任务中,我们展示了如何使用一种由SSA改进而来的减方差随机模拟算法(RVSSA)来估计反应的CTMC的MFPT。在第二个任务中,我们基于MFPTs估计模型参数。为此,首先,我们展示了如何使用广义矩方法(GMM)方法,其中我们最小化矩函数的平方范数,该范数是基于实验和估计的MFPT而制定的。其次,为了加快参数估计的速度,我们引入了一种固定路径集成推理(FPEI)方法,该方法是在RVSSA的基础上改进而来的。我们使用多链动力学模拟器实现了RVSSA和FPEI,并对其进行了评估。在我们对DNA反应数据集的实验中,与使用SSA进行推理相比,FPEI加速了参数估计,对于慢反应,速度提高了三倍以上。此外,对于具有大状态空间的反应,它将参数估计速度提高了两倍以上。
Nucleic acid kinetic simulators aim to predict the kinetics of interacting nucleic acid strands. Many simulators model the kinetics of interacting nucleic acid strands as continuous-time Markov chains (CTMCs). States of the CTMCs represent a collection of secondary structures, and transitions between the states correspond to the forming or breaking of base pairs and are determined by a nucleic acid kinetic model. The number of states these CTMCs can form may be exponentially large in the length of the strands, making two important tasks challenging, namely, mean first passage time (MFPT) estimation and parameter estimation for kinetic models based on MFPTs. Gillespie’s stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) is widely used to analyze nucleic acid folding kinetics, but could be computationally expensive for reactions whose CTMC has a large state space or for slow reactions. It could also be expensive for arbitrary parameter sets that occur in parameter estimation. Our work addresses these two challenging tasks, in the full state space of all non-pseudoknotted secondary structures of each reaction. In the first task, we show how to use a reduced variance stochastic simulation algorithm (RVSSA), which is adapted from SSA, to estimate the MFPT of a reaction’s CTMC. In the second task, we estimate model parameters based on MFPTs. To this end, first, we show how to use a generalized method of moments (GMM) approach, where we minimize a squared norm of moment functions that we formulate based on experimental and estimated MFPTs. Second, to speed up parameter estimation, we introduce a fixed path ensemble inference (FPEI) approach, that we adapt from RVSSA. We implement and evaluate RVSSA and FPEI using the Multistrand kinetic simulator. In our experiments on a dataset of DNA reactions, FPEI speeds up parameter estimation compared to inference using SSA, by more than a factor of three for slow reactions. Also, for reactions with large state spaces, it speeds up parameter estimation by more than a factor of two.
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