Groundwater level response to the Wenchuan earthquake of May 2008
Groundwater level response to the Wenchuan earthquake of May 2008
复制标题
2008年5月汶川地震地下水位响应
DOI：
10.1080/19475705.2018.1523236
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Singh Ramesh P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He Anhua;Singh Ramesh P
本文综合分析了2008年5月12日汶川7.9级地震中中国大陆280口井的地下水位同震响应。观测到的同震反应可分为阶跃变化138口井，变化69口井，无响应73口井。对空间分布进行定量分析后，即使在震中30 0 公里范围内，也没有发现阶梯状变化的空间相干信号(正值表示阶梯状上升，负值表示阶梯状下降)。比较了震前和震后M2波的振幅和相移。震相是向前的，并且集中在震中附近，但幅度的变化是随机增加或减少的。通过计算震后地下水衰退，确定了各含水层的特征时间。我们的结论是，假设一级近似，即一维含水层，地下水位同震响应的原因是地震波清除了裂隙充填材料，从而增强了岩石的渗透性。同震响应的形状取决于井-含水层系统和井与补给或排泄区的距离()。地震波传播时，井距补给区越近，水位越高，离排泄区越近，水位越低，离补给区或排泄区越远，水位越振荡。如果井没有穿过任何承压含水层，水位保持不变。
Abstract We have comprehensively analysed the co-seismic response of the groundwater levels of 280 wells in mainland China that were associated with the Wenchuan earthquake (Mw 7.9) that occurred on 12 May 2008. The observed co-seismic responses can be classified as step-like changes in 138 wells, variations in 69 wells and non-responses in 73 wells. After a quantitative analysis of spatial distribution, there was no spatially coherent signal found in the step-like changes (positive values indicate a step-like rise, and negative values indicate a step-like fall), even within 300 km of the epicenter. The amplitude and the phase shift of the M2-wave were compared between the pre- and post-earthquake conditions. The phase was forward and was concentrated at , regardless of the proximity of wells to the epicenter; however, the change in amplitude randomly increased or decreased. By computing the post-seismic groundwater recession, the characteristic times of the aquifers were . We concluded that by assuming a first-order approximation, i.e. a one-dimensional aquifer, the causal mechanism of the co-seismic response of the groundwater level was that the seismic waves enhanced rock permeability by clearing the facture-filling materials. The shapes of the co-seismic responses were determined by the well-aquifer system and the proximity of the wells to recharge or discharge areas (). The water level rose if the well was closer to the recharge area, the water level decline if the well was closer to the discharge area, and the water level oscillated if the well was farther from the recharge or discharge areas when the seismic wave was transmitted. The water level remained unchanged if the well did not penetrate any confined aquifer.
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