Characteristics of child psychiatric outpatients with slow processing speed and potential mechanisms of academic impact.
Characteristics of child psychiatric outpatients with slow processing speed and potential mechanisms of academic impact.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00787-019-01455-w
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Doyle AE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braaten EB;Ward AK;Forchelli G;Vuijk PJ;Cook NE;McGuinness P;Lee BA;Samkavitz A;Lind H;O'Keefe SM;Doyle AE
虽然ADHD青少年的处理速度（PS）慢有据可查，但越来越多的证据表明，这种困难会影响患有其他神经精神疾病的儿童。澄清之间的关系缓慢PS和不同形式的精神病理学是重要的临床上，考虑到潜在的影响PS的学术功能，和概念。在751名6至21岁的青年中，连续进行神经精神评估，我们检查了慢PS（即，韦氏PS指数< 85）和7个神经精神诊断组。在492这些青年，我们还与缓慢PS八个精神病理学症状的尺寸。最后，我们建立了PS和其他认知功能与学业成绩之间的关系模型。数据来自遗传对认知影响的纵向研究。分析包括单样本t检验、ANOVA、逻辑回归、混合建模和结构方程模型（SEM），控制年龄、性别和药物。与正常数据相比，所有临床组均显示PS降低。与没有完全诊断和解释其他精神病理学的青少年相比，患有自闭症谱系障碍（OR= 1.8）、精神病性障碍（OR= 3.4）和ADHD-疏忽型（OR= 1.6）的青少年的PS缓慢风险升高。有多种合并症也增加了PS缓慢的风险。在维度中，注意力不集中（OR= 1.5）与PS缓慢相关，但不能完全解释与自闭症或精神病的关联。在SEM中，PS对学习成绩有直接影响，并通过工作记忆对学习成绩产生间接影响。研究结果扩展的证据表明，PS涉及到儿童精神病理学的多个方面，并与儿童精神科门诊患者的学业成绩。
While slow processing speed (PS) is well-documented in youth with ADHD, growing evidence suggests that this difficulty affects children with other neuropsychiatric conditions. Clarifying the relationship between slow PS and different forms of psychopathology is important clinically, given the potential impact of PS on academic functioning, and conceptually. In 751 youth, ages 6 to 21, consecutively referred for neuropsychiatric evaluation, we examined the association between slow PS (i.e., Wechsler PS Index < 85) and seven neuropsychiatric diagnostic groups. In 492 of these youth, we also related slow PS to eight psychopathology symptom dimensions. Finally, we modeled the relationship between PS, other cognitive functions and academic achievement. Data are from the Longitudinal Study of Genetic Influences on Cognition. Analyses included one-sample t-tests, ANOVA, logistic regression, mixed modeling, and structural equation modeling (SEM), controlling for age, sex, and medication. Compared to normative data, all clinical groups showed PS decrements. Compared to referred youth without full diagnoses and accounting for other psychopathology, risk for slow PS was elevated in youth with autism spectrum disorder (OR= 1.8), psychotic disorders (OR= 3.4) and ADHD-Inattentive Type (OR= 1.6). Having multiple comorbidities also increased risk for slow PS. Among dimensions, inattention (OR= 1.5) associated with slow PS but did not fully explain the association with autism or psychosis. In SEM, PS had direct effects on academic achievement and indirect effects through working memory. Findings extend evidence that PS relates to multiple aspects of child psychopathology and associates with academic achievement in child psychiatric outpatients.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Miller AC;Keenan JM;Betjemann RS;Willcutt EG;Pennington BF;Olson RK
通讯作者：
Olson RK
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Bolt, Luke K.;Amminger, G. Paul;Allott, Kelly A.
通讯作者：
Allott, Kelly A.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Geary DC
通讯作者：
Geary DC
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Kibby, Michelle Y.;Vadnais, Sarah A.;Jagger-Rickels, Audreyana C.
通讯作者：
Jagger-Rickels, Audreyana C.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
LANDIS, JR;KOCH, GG
通讯作者：
KOCH, GG