Carbon budget of a winter-wheat and summer-maize rotation cropland in the North China Plain
Carbon budget of a winter-wheat and summer-maize rotation cropland in the North China Plain
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华北平原冬小麦、夏玉米轮作农田的碳收支
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.016
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wenxu Dong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuying Wang;Chunsheng Hu;Wenxu Dong
作物管理对农业生态系统碳收支有很大影响。2007年10月至2008年10月，采用涡度相关、作物生长和土壤呼吸等方法，研究了华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米两熟制下作物秸秆投入下的碳收支特征。将生态系统CO2净交换量（NEE）分解为总初级生产力（GPP）和总生态系统呼吸（TER），同时确定净初级生产力（NPP）和土壤呼吸（SR），计算自养和异养呼吸。结果表明，小麦季NEE、NPP和SR分别为359、604和281 g Cm − 2，玉米季分别为143、540和413 g Cm − 2。自养呼吸占主导地位的TER，主要是由GPP驱动。基于NPP并考虑作物残体的碳输入和谷物收获的碳输出，按季节计算了净碳收支。我们发现冬小麦系统是90 g C m−2的C汇;而夏玉米系统是167 g C m−2的C源。因此，两熟制表现为每年77 g C m− 2的C源，相当于2003-2008年期间表土有机碳储量的年平均损失率接近1%。尽管玉米季长（113 d）比小麦季长（235 d）短52%，但55%以上的CO2排放量来自温暖多雨的玉米季，这表明跨季节气候变率主要影响该地区的C通量动态，土壤温度和水分的交互作用是该地区生态系统呼吸的“单一”主导因子。我们的研究提供了证据表明，在NCP的小麦-玉米两熟制中，当考虑收获去除时，C以77 g C m-2 year-1的速率损失，即使作物残留C从30年前开始输入土壤。
Crop management exerts a strong influence on the agroecosystem carbon (C) budget. From October 2007 to October 2008, the net C budget of an intensive winter-wheat and summer-maize double cropping system in the North China Plain (NCP) was investigated in a long-term field experiment with crop residues input, using a combination of eddy covariance, crop growth and soil respiration measurements. The objectives were to qualify the annual C budget and to establish the effects of climatic variables and crop management on C budget.The net ecosystem exchange of CO2(NEE) was partitioned into gross primary production (GPP) and total ecosystem respiration (TER); meanwhile, net primary production (NPP) and soil respiration (SR) were determined to compute autotrophic and heterotrophic respirations. Results showed that the NEE, NPP and SR were 359, 604 and 281 g C m−2in wheat season respectively, and 143, 540 and 413 g C m−2in maize season respectively. Autotrophic respiration dominated TER and was mainly driven by GPP. The net C budget was calculated seasonally based on NPP and considering C input through crop residues and C output through grain harvest. We found the winter-wheat system was a C sink of 90 g C m−2; whereas, the summer-maize system was a C source of 167 g C m−2. Thus, the double cropping system behaved as a C source of 77 g C m−2on an annual basis, corresponding to an annual average loss rate of nearly 1% in topsoil organic carbon stocks during 2003–2008. Though the season length was 52% shorter for maize (113 days) than that for wheat (235 days), over 55% of the CO2emissions originated from the warmer and rainy maize season; this implies that the inter seasonal climate variability affected the C flux dynamics mainly and the interaction of soil temperature and moisture is the “single” dominant factor for ecosystem respiration in this area. Our study provides evidence that C was being lost from the intensive wheat-maize double cropping system in the NCP at a rate of 77 g C m−2year−1when harvest removals were considered, even though crop residue C was inputted into the soil since 30 years ago.
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影响因子：
6.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
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影响因子：
6.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
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