The Belle II DEPFET pixel detector

The Belle II DEPFET pixel detector
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Belle II DEPFET 像素探测器

DOI:
10.1016/j.nima.2016.02.078
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发表时间:
--
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
H.G. Moser
H.G. Moser
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
H.G. Moser

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KEK(日本筑波)的贝儿II实验将于2018年初以前所未有的精度探索重口味物理学(B,魅力和tau)。带电粒子的跟踪由两层DEPFET像素器件(PXD),四层硅条探测器(SVD)和中心漂移室(CDC)。PXD将由半径为14 mm和22 mm的两层组成,分别有8个和12个梯子。像素尺寸会有所不同,第一层为50 μm×(55-60)μm,第二层为50 μm×(70-85)μm,以优化电荷共享效率。这些最内层必须科普高背景占用、高辐射,并且必须具有最少的材料以减少多次散射。使用DEPFET技术可以满足这些挑战。每个像素都是集成在完全耗尽的硅体上的FET。在“内部栅极”中收集的信号电荷调制FET电流,导致第一级放大,因此噪声非常低。这允许非常薄的传感器(75 μm),从而减少探测器的总体材料预算(0.21%X0)。列并行读出的四重多路复用允许在仅20 μs内读出像素矩阵的全帧,同时保持足够低的功耗以进行空气冷却。只有探测器接受范围之外的有源电子器件必须使用两相CO2系统进行主动冷却。此外,DEPFET技术提供了电子快门的独特功能,使检测器能够在superKEKB的连续注入模式下有效地工作。
The Belle II experiment at KEK (Tsukuba, Japan) will explore heavy flavour physics (B, charm and tau) at the starting of 2018 with unprecedented precision. Charged particles are tracked by a two-layer DEPFET pixel device (PXD), a four-layer silicon strip detector (SVD) and the central drift chamber (CDC). The PXD will consist of two layers at radii of 14 mm and 22 mm with 8 and 12 ladders, respectively. The pixel sizes will vary, between 50 μm×(55–60) μm in the first layer and between 50 μm×(70–85) μm in the second layer, to optimize the charge sharing efficiency. These innermost layers have to cope with high background occupancy, high radiation and must have minimal material to reduce multiple scattering. These challenges are met using the DEPFET technology. Each pixel is a FET integrated on a fully depleted silicon bulk. The signal charge collected in the ‘internal gate’ modulates the FET current resulting in a first stage amplification and therefore very low noise. This allows very thin sensors (75 μm) reducing the overall material budget of the detector (0.21%X0). Four fold multiplexing of the column parallel readout allows read out a full frame of the pixel matrix in only 20 μs while keeping the power consumption low enough for air cooling. Only the active electronics outside the detector acceptance has to be cooled actively with a two phase CO2system. Furthermore the DEPFET technology offers the unique feature of an electronic shutter which allows the detector to operate efficiently in the continuous injection mode of superKEKB.
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发表时间: 2010
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