In situ measurements of ice saturation in young contrails

In situ measurements of ice saturation in young contrails
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年轻凝结尾冰饱和度的原位测量

DOI:
10.1002/2013gl058276
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
T. Thornberry
T. Thornberry
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Kaufmann;C. Voigt;P. Jeßberger;T. Jurkat;H. Schlager;A. Schwarzenboeck;M. Klingebiel;T. Thornberry

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相对于冰的相对湿度(RHi)是控制飞机尾迹演变的主要因素。在2011年的CONtrail、火山和Cirrus ExpeRimenT(CONCERT)期间,使用新型水蒸气质谱仪AIMS‐H2O以4.2 Hz的速率进行了凝结尾迹中和附近的高分辨率空气中H2O测量。在11 km高度附近对3个2 min龄的尾迹进行了采样。独立的环境过饱和或过饱和冰,在每个轨迹内的RHi频率分布的平均值向冰饱和度。这种转变可以解释为高的冰表面积密度与相应的RHi弛豫时间的顺序为20秒,这导致水蒸气和冰相之间的快速平衡。 了解水蒸气与冰粒的相互作用对于研究尾迹和卷云的生命周期至关重要。
Relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) is a major factor controlling the evolution of aircraft contrails. High‐resolution airborne H2O measurements in and near contrails were made at a rate of 4.2 Hz using the novel water vapor mass spectrometer AIMS‐H2O with in‐flight calibration during the CONtrail, volcano, and Cirrus ExpeRimenT (CONCERT) 2011. Three 2 min old contrails were sampled near 11 km altitude. Independent of the ambient supersaturation or subsaturation over ice, the mean of the RHi frequency distribution within each contrail is shifted toward ice saturation. This shift can be explained by the high ice surface area densities with corresponding RHi relaxation times on the order of 20 s, which lead to the fast equilibration of H2O between the vapor and ice phase. Understanding the interaction of water vapor with ice particles is essential to investigate the life cycle of contrails and cirrus.
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