Recent advances and future of immunotherapy for glioblastoma.

Recent advances and future of immunotherapy for glioblastoma.
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DOI:
10.1080/14712598.2016.1212012
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发表时间:
2016-10
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Castro MG
Castro MG
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kamran N;Calinescu A;Candolfi M;Chandran M;Mineharu Y;Asad AS;Koschmann C;Nunez FJ;Lowenstein PR;Castro MG

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胶质瘤(GBM)的结果仍然令人沮丧,尽管在治疗干预,包括化疗,放疗和手术切除的进展。在癌症如黑色素瘤和前列腺癌中观察到的免疫疗法的总体生存益处推动了对GBM免疫疗法的评估研究。临床前研究为改善GBM的预后带来了丰富的信息,多项临床研究正在评估GBM患者的各种免疫疗法。本文综述了免疫学方法的发展进展。我们讨论GBM的主动和被动免疫治疗的策略和结果,包括疫苗接种策略,基因治疗,检查点阻断和过继性T细胞治疗。我们还专注于免疫编辑和肿瘤新抗原,可以影响免疫治疗的疗效。在免疫策略方面已经观察到令人鼓舞的结果;一些临床试验正在进入第三阶段。在阐明GBM的分子和遗传异质性及其对疾病预后的影响方面取得了重大进展。现在有共识的关键需要,将肿瘤异质性纳入治疗方法的设计。最近的数据还表明,有效的治疗策略将需要针对肿瘤遗传特征进行组合和个性化。
Outcome for glioma (GBM) remains dismal despite advances in therapeutic interventions including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical resection. The overall survival benefit observed with immunotherapies in cancers such as melanoma and prostate cancer has fuelled research into evaluating immunotherapies for GBM. Preclinical studies have brought a wealth of information for improving the prognosis of GBM and multiple clinical studies are evaluating a wide array of immunotherapies for GBM patients. This review highlights advances in the development of immunotherapeutic approaches. We discuss the strategies and outcomes of active and passive immunotherapies for GBM including vaccination strategies, gene therapy, check point blockade and adoptive T cell therapies. We also focus on immunoediting and tumor neoantigens that can impact the efficacy of immunotherapies. Encouraging results have been observed with immunotherapeutic strategies; some clinical trials are reaching phase III. Significant progress has been made in unraveling the molecular and genetic heterogeneity of GBM and its implications to disease prognosis. There is now consensus related to the critical need to incorporate tumor heterogeneity into the design of therapeutic approaches. Recent data also indicates that an efficacious treatment strategy will need to be combinatorial and personalized to the tumor genetic signature.
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