Context-specific action of macrolide antibiotics on the eukaryotic ribosome.

Context-specific action of macrolide antibiotics on the eukaryotic ribosome.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-23068-1
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发表时间:
2021-05-14
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Mankin AS
Mankin AS
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Svetlov MS;Koller TO;Meydan S;Shankar V;Klepacki D;Polacek N;Guydosh NR;Vázquez-Laslop N;Wilson DN;Mankin AS

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Macrolide antibiotics bind in the nascent peptide exit tunnel of the bacterial ribosome and prevent polymerization of specific amino acid sequences, selectively inhibiting translation of a subset of proteins. Because preventing translation of individual proteins could be beneficial for the treatment of human diseases, we asked whether macrolides, if bound to the eukaryotic ribosome, would retain their context- and protein-specific action. By introducing a single mutation in rRNA, we rendered yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells sensitive to macrolides. Cryo-EM structural analysis showed that the macrolide telithromycin binds in the tunnel of the engineered eukaryotic ribosome. Genome-wide analysis of cellular translation and biochemical studies demonstrated that the drug inhibits eukaryotic translation by preferentially stalling ribosomes at distinct sequence motifs. Context-specific action markedly depends on the macrolide structure. Eliminating macrolide-arrest motifs from a protein renders its translation macrolide-tolerant. Our data illuminate the prospects of adapting macrolides for protein-selective translation inhibition in eukaryotic cells. Macrolide antibiotics inhibit bacterial translation in a context-specific manner, arresting ribosomes at defined sites within mRNAs and selectively inhibiting synthesis of only a subset of cellular proteins. Here the authors provide a structural basis for the context-specific activity of macrolides on the eukaryotic ribosome.
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