Why do women have more children than they want? Understanding differences in women's ideal and actual family size in a natural fertility population.
Why do women have more children than they want? Understanding differences in women's ideal and actual family size in a natural fertility population.
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DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.22316
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发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Stieglitz, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mcallister, Lisa;Gurven, Michael;Kaplan, Hillard;Stieglitz, Jonathan
我们开发并测试了一个影响自然生育人口中妇女理想家庭规模的因素的概念模型，玻利维亚的齐曼。该模型假设了社会生态、生育史、母体状况和男性IF的影响。我们测试了三个假设，解释了为什么女性在经历社会经济发展的情况下可能会超过她们的IF：(H1)有限的自主权；(H2)改善母亲的状况；以及(H3)对有形资本的投资回报低。2002年至2008年收集了妇女生育史和预期生育率数据(n=305名妇女)。对齐曼族妇女进行了半结构化访谈，以研究父母投资的感知价值(n=76)。使用多元回归、t检验和方差分析(ANOVA)来检验模型预测。女性的IF是由她们的社会生态、生育史、母亲状况和丈夫的IF来预测的。假设2和3得到了支持。居住在城镇附近的夫妻的婚姻状况指数较小(女性=3.75±1.64；男性=3.87±2.64)，差异也较小。但生育率超过综合幸福指数的程度与距城镇的距离呈负相关(偏r=−0.189，df=156，P=0.018)。居住在城镇附近的女性有更大的母性条件，但认为传统技能比正规教育更重要，88%的人认为在城镇生活是不可行的。虽然在社会经济发展过程中，生育率下降是显而易见的，但生育率的下降可能不会立即发生。当投资于新形式的具体化资本的预期收益较低，而身体财富和庞大的亲属网络仍然是健康的重要组成部分时，生育率可能会保持在较高水平，如果母亲的状况有所改善，生育率可能会增加。
We develop and test a conceptual model of factors influencing women’s ideal family size (IFS) in a natural fertility population, the Tsimane of Bolivia. The model posits affects of socioecology, reproductive history, maternal condition, and men’s IFS. We test three hypotheses for why women may exceed their IFS despite experiencing socioeconomic development: (H1) limited autonomy; (H2) improved maternal condition; and (H3) low returns on investments in embodied capital. Women’s reproductive histories and prospective fertility data were collected from 2002 to 2008 (n = 305 women). Semistructured interviews were conducted with Tsimane women to study the perceived value of parental investment (n = 76). Multiple regression, t-tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are used to test model predictions. Women’s IFS is predicted by their socioecology, reproductive history, maternal condition, and husband’s IFS. Hypotheses 2 and 3 are supported. Couples residing near town have smaller IFS (women = 3.75 ± 1.64; men = 3.87 ± 2.64) and less variance in IFS. However, the degree fertility exceeds IFS is inversely correlated with distance to town (Partial r = −0.189, df = 156, P = 0.018). Women living near town have greater maternal condition but 64% value traditional skills over formal schooling and 88% believe living in town is unfeasible. While reduced IFS is evident with socioeconomic development, fertility decline may not immediately follow. When perceived benefits of investment in novel forms of embodied capital are low, and somatic wealth and large kin networks persist as important components of fitness, fertility may remain high and increase if maternal condition improves.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
ELLISON, PT
通讯作者：
ELLISON, PT
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bremner, Jason;Bilsborrow, Richard;Holt, Flora Lu
通讯作者：
Holt, Flora Lu
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Hagewen, KJ;Morgan, SP
通讯作者：
Morgan, SP
DOI：
10.1007/s12110-009-9062-8
发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Gurven, Michael;Winking, Jeffrey;McAllister, Lisa
通讯作者：
McAllister, Lisa
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BONGAARTS, J
通讯作者：
BONGAARTS, J