Evaluating cloud microphysics from NICAM against CloudSat and CALIPSO

Evaluating cloud microphysics from NICAM against CloudSat and CALIPSO
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对照 CloudSat 和 CALIPSO 评估 NICAM 的云微物理

DOI:
10.1002/jgrd.50564
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
H. Okamoto
H. Okamoto
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hashino;T.;M. Satoh;Y. Hagihara;T. Kubota;T. Matsui;T. Nasuno;H. Okamoto

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我们描述了一种方法来评估云微物理模拟与CloudSat和云气溶胶激光雷达和红外探路者卫星观测(CALIPSO)卫星数据的全球云解析模型。非静力二十面体大气模型(NICAM)的输出通过卫星传感器模拟器(卫星传感器联合模拟器)运行,然后直接与CloudSat和CALIPSO的雷达和激光雷达信号进行比较。前向方法允许在云微物理假设的一致性参与评估。为了研究信号对温度的依赖性,我们广泛地使用温度作为垂直坐标。雷达反射率的全球统计分析表明,模拟高估了−50°C以上的所有反射率,而雪类对−80 ° C至−40°C之间的低反射率值有很大贡献。模拟的激光雷达信号有两个模式与云冰和雪的类别,虽然观测只有一个模式。雷达反射率和激光雷达后向散射的协同使用使我们能够确定冰/液态水含量和有效半径的相对大小,而不使用检索。雷达和激光雷达对云顶的诊断表明,由于雪的类别,NICAM高估了质量等效有效半径,低估了冰水含量。此外,诊断被证明是有用的,以调查的敏感性散装微物理方案的参数对水含量和尺寸。冰粒的非球形散射被证明会影响上述雷达和激光雷达对大反射率范围的诊断,但不会改变本模拟的大多数其他诊断。
We describe a method to evaluate cloud microphysics simulated with a global cloud‐resolving model against CloudSat and Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite data. Output from the Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) is run through a satellite‐sensor simulator (Joint Simulator for Satellite Sensors), then directly compared to the radar and lidar signals from CloudSat and CALIPSO. The forward approach allows for consistency in cloud microphysical assumption involved in the evaluation. To investigate the dependence of the signals on the temperature, we use temperature extensively as the vertical coordinate. The global statistical analysis of the radar reflectivity shows that the simulation overestimates all the percentiles above −50°C and that snow category contributes significantly to low reflectivity values between −80 and −40°C. The simulated lidar signals have two modes associated with cloud ice and snow categories, though the observations have only one mode. The synergetic use of radar reflectivity and lidar backscatter enables us to determine the relative magnitudes of ice/liquid water contents and effective radii without use of retrievals. The radar‐and‐lidar diagnosis for cloud tops shows that, due to snow category, NICAM overestimates the mass‐equivalent effective radius and underestimates ice water content. Also, the diagnosis was shown to be useful to investigate sensitivities of the parameters of bulk microphysical schemes on the water contents and sizes. The nonspherical scattering of ice particles was shown to affect the above radar‐and‐lidar diagnosis for large reflectivity ranges but not to alter most of the other diagnoses for this simulation.
从 R / V Mirai MR01K02 巡航期间进行的两波长反向散射和一波长偏振激光雷达测量中进行气溶胶反演,并评估全球气溶胶传输模式
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