Privacy challenges and research opportunities for genomic data sharing.

Privacy challenges and research opportunities for genomic data sharing.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41588-020-0651-0
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发表时间:
2020-07
期刊:
影响因子:
30.8
通讯作者:
Ohno-Machado L
Ohno-Machado L
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bonomi L;Huang Y;Ohno-Machado L

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基因组数据的共享为推进精准医学、提供个性化治疗和其他类型的干预提供了巨大的希望。然而,也存在隐私问题,因为滥用数据可能会导致个人及其血亲的隐私受到侵犯。随着基因组数据的快速增长,其中一些数据正在向研究人员提供,了解当前的基因组隐私状况并确定在开发有效的隐私保护解决方案方面的挑战是当务之急。在这项工作中,我们提供了研究社区确定的主要隐私威胁的概述,并检查了新兴的直接面向消费者的应用程序中的隐私挑战。我们介绍了基因组数据共享的一般隐私保护技术,以及它们在直接面向消费者的基因组测试和法医分析中的潜在应用。我们讨论了当前隐私保护方法的局限性,强调了可能的缓解策略,并为推进基因组数据共享提出了未来的研究机会。
The sharing of genomic data holds great promise for advancing precision medicine, providing personalized treatments and other types of interventions. However, there are privacy concerns, as data misuse may lead to infringement of privacy for individuals and their blood relatives. As genomic data are rapidly growing and some of these data are being made available to researchers, it is imperative to understand the current genome privacy landscape and to identify the challenges in developing effective privacy-protecting solutions. In this work, we provide an overview of major privacy threats identified by the research community and examine the privacy challenges in the context of emerging direct-to-consumer applications. We present general privacy protection techniques for genomic data sharing and their potential applications in direct-to-consumer genomic testing and forensic analyses. We discuss limitations in current privacy protection methods, highlight possible mitigation strategies, and suggest future research opportunities for advancing genomic data sharing.
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