Dendritic spine dysgenesis in Rett syndrome.

Dendritic spine dysgenesis in Rett syndrome.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnana.2014.00097
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Pozzo-Miller L
Pozzo-Miller L
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xu X;Miller EC;Pozzo-Miller L

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棘突是树突的小细胞质延伸,构成哺乳动物大脑中大多数兴奋性突触的突触后间隔。树突棘的数量密度、大小和形状的改变与一些与智能障碍相关的神经和神经发育障碍的神经元功能障碍有关,包括Rett综合征(RTT)。RTT是一种与智能障碍相关的进行性神经发育障碍,由转录调节因子甲基CpG结合蛋白2(MECP2)功能突变引起。在这里,我们回顾了证明RTT个体和基于MeCP2的实验模型的主要神经元显示树突棘的数量和形态发生变化的证据。我们还讨论了一种令人兴奋的可能性,即受MeCP2转录调控的脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)下游的信号通路,为调节RTT和其他MECP2相关神经发育障碍的树突棘发育和可塑性提供了有前景的治疗选择。
Spines are small cytoplasmic extensions of dendrites that form the postsynaptic compartment of the majority of excitatory synapses in the mammalian brain. Alterations in the numerical density, size, and shape of dendritic spines have been correlated with neuronal dysfunction in several neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders associated with intellectual disability, including Rett syndrome (RTT). RTT is a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder associated with intellectual disability that is caused by loss of function mutations in the transcriptional regulator methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2). Here, we review the evidence demonstrating that principal neurons in RTT individuals and Mecp2-based experimental models exhibit alterations in the number and morphology of dendritic spines. We also discuss the exciting possibility that signaling pathways downstream of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is transcriptionally regulated by MeCP2, offer promising therapeutic options for modulating dendritic spine development and plasticity in RTT and other MECP2-associated neurodevelopmental disorders.
DOI: 10.1016/0167-4889(89)90209-7
发表时间: 1989-05-10
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