Long-term psychiatric and medical consequences of anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse: a looming public health concern?
Long-term psychiatric and medical consequences of anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse: a looming public health concern?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.05.004
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Pope, Harrison G., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kanayama, Gen;Hudson, James I.;Pope, Harrison G., Jr.
合成代谢雄激素类固醇（AAS）滥用的问题最近引起了公众和媒体的广泛关注。然而，大多数AAS滥用者并不是媒体所描绘的精英运动员，许多人根本就不是竞技运动员。大约在1980年，普通AAS用户开始出现，数量更多，但不太显眼。这一人口中的老年人正步入中年；他们代表了一种新型的前药物滥用者的主要浪潮，具有特定的医疗和精神风险。我们回顾了关于AAS滥用的长期精神和医学后果的不断发展的文献。长期使用超生理剂量的AAS可引起不可逆的心血管毒性，特别是动脉粥样硬化作用和心肌病。在其他器官系统中，持久性毒性的证据较少，有趣的是，几乎没有证据表明前列腺癌的风险增加。高浓度的AAS，与许多AAS滥用者可能持续的浓度相当，对各种细胞类型（包括神经细胞）产生凋亡效应，从而增加了可能不可逆转的神经精神毒性的幽灵。最后，AAS滥用似乎与一系列潜在的长期精神影响有关，包括依赖综合征、情绪综合征和发展为其他形式的药物滥用。然而，人们对这些影响的普遍性和严重性仍然知之甚少。随着第一批前AAS使用者进入中年，获得这种药物滥用形式的长期精神和医学后果的更系统的数据将是很重要的。
The problem of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse has recently generated widespread public and media attention. Most AAS abusers, however, are not elite athletes like those portrayed in the media, and many are not competitive athletes at all. This larger but less visible population of ordinary AAS users began to emerge in about 1980. The senior members of this population are now entering middle age; they represent the leading wave of a new type of aging former substance abusers, with specific medical and psychiatric risks. We reviewed the evolving literature on long-term psychiatric and medical consequences of AAS abuse. Long-term use of supraphysiologic doses of AAS may cause irreversible cardiovascular toxicity, especially atherosclerotic effects and cardiomyopathy. In other organ systems, evidence of persistent toxicity is more modest, and interestingly, there is little evidence for an increased risk of prostate cancer. High concentrations of AAS, comparable to those likely sustained by many AAS abusers, produce apoptotic effects on various cell types, including neuronal cells - raising the specter of possibly irreversible neuropsychiatric toxicity. Finally, AAS abuse appears to be associated with a range of potentially prolonged psychiatric effects, including dependence syndromes, mood syndromes, and progression to other forms of substance abuse. However, the prevalence and severity of these various effects remains poorly understood. As the first large wave of former AAS users now moves into middle age, it will be important to obtain more systematic data on the long-term psychiatric and medical consequences of this form of substance abuse.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
BAHRKE, MS;WRIGHT, JE;CATLIN, DH
通讯作者：
CATLIN, DH
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
BROWER, KJ;CATLIN, DH;BERESFORD, TP
通讯作者：
BERESFORD, TP
DOI：
10.1046/j.1440-1622.2000.01932.x
发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF SURGERY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bagia, S;Hewitt, PM;Morris, DL
通讯作者：
Morris, DL
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Brower, Kirk J
通讯作者：
Brower, Kirk J
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
ALTSCHULE, MD;TILLOTSON, KJ
通讯作者：
TILLOTSON, KJ