Learning and consolidation of novel spoken words.
Learning and consolidation of novel spoken words.
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2009.21059
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Gaskell MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis MH;Di Betta AM;Macdonald MJ;Gaskell MG
两个实验探索了学习和巩固新词的神经机制。在实验一中，参与者连续几天学习两套新词。随后的识别测试显示，这两组人都很熟悉。然而，一项词汇判断任务显示，只有前一天学习的新词与发音相似的现有词进行了词汇竞争。此外，只有前一天学到的新词比不熟悉的控制组表现出更快的重复潜伏期。使用fMRI进一步检验这种夜间巩固效应，以比较扫描前不同天学习的已有单词和新单词的神经反应(实验2)。这表明，与现有词汇相比，新奇词汇在左侧颞上回(STG)、额叶下部和运动前区，以及右侧小脑中的反应都有所提高。对于在扫描当天学习的陌生新词和项目，皮层的激活程度相同，但对于前一天学习的新词，皮层激活显著减少。相比之下，对于完全不熟悉的新词，海马体的反应会升高，这种升高的反应与扫描后单词学习的行为测量有关。这些发现与双重学习系统的解释是一致的，在双重学习系统中，参与初始习得的内侧-颞叶系统和新皮质系统之间存在分工，在新的口语系统中，新口语的表征受到一夜之间的巩固。
Two experiments explored the neural mechanisms underlying the learning and consolidation of novel spoken words. In Experiment 1, participants learned two sets of novel words on successive days. A subsequent recognition test revealed high levels of familiarity for both sets. However, a lexical decision task showed that only novel words learned on the previous day engaged in lexical competition with similar-sounding existing words. Additionally, only novel words learned on the previous day exhibited faster repetition latencies relative to unfamiliar controls. This overnight consolidation effect was further examined using fMRI to compare neural responses to existing and novel words learned on different days prior to scanning (Experiment 2). This revealed an elevated response for novel compared with existing words in left superior temporal gyrus (STG), inferior frontal and premotor regions, and right cerebellum. Cortical activation was of equivalent magnitude for unfamiliar novel words and items learned on the day of scanning but significantly reduced for novel words learned on the previous day. In contrast, hippocampal responses were elevated for novel words that were entirely unfamiliar, and this elevated response correlated with postscanning behavioral measures of word learning. These findings are consistent with a dual-learning system account in which there is a division of labor between medial-temporal systems that are involved in initial acquisition and neocortical systems in which representations of novel spoken words are subject to overnight consolidation.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Fiebach, Christian J.;Ricker, Brigitte;Jacobs, Arthur M.
通讯作者：
Jacobs, Arthur M.
DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(85)90008-2
发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BENTIN, S;MCCARTHY, G;WOOD, CC
通讯作者：
WOOD, CC
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cornelissen, K;Laine, M;Salmelin, R
通讯作者：
Salmelin, R
DOI：
10.3758/bf03195503
发表时间：
2003-02-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Forster, KI;Forster, JC
通讯作者：
Forster, JC
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Buchsbaum, BR;Olsen, RK;Berman, KF
通讯作者：
Berman, KF