Reverse genetics approaches for the development of mammarenavirus live-attenuated vaccines.
Reverse genetics approaches for the development of mammarenavirus live-attenuated vaccines.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coviro.2020.06.011
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Martinez-Sobrido L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ye C;de la Torre JC;Martinez-Sobrido L
几种乳房肾病毒可引起严重的出血热疾病，病死率非常高，对病毒流行地区的人类健康构成重要威胁。迄今为止，没有美国（US）食品和药物管理局（FDA）许可的疫苗可用于对抗人类乳房炎病毒感染，目前的抗乳房炎病毒治疗仅限于标签外使用鸟苷类似物利巴韦林，其疗效有限，并与显著的副作用相关。疫苗接种是预防病毒性疾病的最有效方法之一，减毒活疫苗（LAV）已被证明经常提供长期保护，以防止随后的自然感染的相应的毒力形式的病毒。乳房炎病毒反向遗传学系统的发展为研究者提供了一种强有力的方法，用于研究乳房炎病毒的分子和细胞生物学，也用于产生在其基因组中含有预定突变的重组病毒，以作为LAV用于治疗乳房炎病毒感染。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前的知识，对乳腺炎病毒的分子和细胞生物学，以及使用反向遗传方法产生重组乳腺炎病毒。此外，我们简要地讨论了一些新的LAV方法用于治疗乳房病毒感染的基础上使用反向遗传学方法。
Several mammarenaviruses can cause severe hemorrhagic fever disease with a very high case fatality rate, representing important threats to human health within the viruses’ endemic regions. To date, there are no United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-licensed vaccines available to combat mammarenavirus infections in humans, and current anti-mammarenavirus therapy is limited to off-label use of the guanosine analog ribavirin, which has limited efficacy and has been associated with significant side effects. Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent viral diseases, and live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) have been shown to often provide long-term protection against a subsequent natural infection by the corresponding virulent form of the virus. The development of mammarenavirus reverse genetics systems has provided investigators with a powerful approach for the investigation of the molecular and cell biology of mammarenaviruses and also for the generation of recombinant viruses containing predetermined mutations in their genome for their implementation as LAVs for the treatment of mammarenavirus infections. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the mammarenavirus molecular and cell biology, and the use of reverse genetic approaches for the generation of recombinant mammarenaviruses. Moreover, we briefly discus some novel LAV approaches for the treatment of mammarenavirus infections based on the use of reverse genetics approaches.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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