Development of the lamprey velum and implications for the evolution of the vertebrate jaw

Development of the lamprey velum and implications for the evolution of the vertebrate jaw
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七鳃鳗软腭的发育及其对脊椎动物下巴进化的影响

DOI:
10.1002/dvdy.243
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Wada Hiroshi
Wada Hiroshi
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yokoyama Hiromasa;Yoshimura Miho;Suzuki Daichi G.;Higashiyama Hiroki;Wada Hiroshi

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脊椎动物的下颚被认为是通过下颌弓的发育修饰而进化而来的。现存的一种无颌脊椎动物,七鳃鳗,除了口腔器官外,还有一种叫做“掌”的结构——一种下颌弓的衍生物。这让我们开始评估掌骨对颌骨进化的可能贡献。结果腭肌由祖细胞发育而来,与口腔肌不同。此外,口腔和腭区起源于三叉神经嵴细胞(NCCs)的不同亚群:前者接受来自中脑的NCCs,而后者接受来自后脑前侧的NCCs。与口腔区域相比,模式基因(如DlxAandMsxA)的表达在较晚的发育阶段在膜片中被激活,更重要的是,在不同于口腔区域的细胞中被激活。结论七鳃鳗下颌弓由两个发育单元组成:口腔前单元和腭后单元。由于七鳃鳗的膜的结构元素可能与颌骨同源,因此脊椎动物颌骨的进化可能是由于无颌脊椎动物的膜从其进食或呼吸的功能中释放出来而发生的。
BackgroundThe vertebrate jaw is thought to have evolved through developmental modification of the mandibular arch. An extant jawless vertebrate, the lamprey, possesses a structure called “velum”—a mandibular arch derivative—in addition to the oral apparatus. This leads us to assess the velum's possible contribution to the evolution of jaws.ResultsThe velar muscles develop from progenitor cells distinct from those from which the oral muscles develop. In addition, the oral and velar regions originate from the different sub‐population of the trigeminal neural crest cells (NCCs): the former region receives NCCs from the midbrain, whereas the latter region receives NCCs from the anterior hindbrain. The expression of patterning genes (eg,DlxAandMsxA) is activated at a later developmental stage in the velum compared to the oral region, and more importantly, in different cells from those in the oral region.ConclusionThe lamprey mandibular arch consists of two developmental units: the anterior oral unit and the posterior velar unit. Because structural elements of the lamprey velum may be homologous to the jaw, the evolution of vertebrate jaws may have occurred by the velum being released from its functional roles in feeding or respiration in jawless vertebrates.
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