Cancer resistance to immunotherapy: What is the role of cancer stem cells?
Cancer resistance to immunotherapy: What is the role of cancer stem cells?
复制标题
癌对免疫疗法的抗性：癌症干细胞的作用是什么？
DOI：
10.20517/cdr.2022.19
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen, Hexin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gupta, Gourab;Merhej, George;Saravanan, Shakthika;Chen, Hexin
免疫治疗是一种新兴的癌症治疗形式，与有希望的结果相关。然而，大多数癌症患者要么对免疫疗法没有反应，要么对治疗产生耐药性。与化疗和放疗相比，对免疫疗法的抗性知之甚少。由于免疫治疗靶向肿瘤微环境中的细胞，因此了解该环境中不同细胞的行为和相互作用对于充分了解治疗选择和治疗抗性至关重要。这篇综述着重于回顾和分析癌症干细胞（CSCs）的特殊功能，我们认为这可能有助于癌症对免疫治疗的抵抗。这些机制分为三个主要类别：与表面标志物相关的机制，这些标志物在CSC上差异表达并帮助CSC逃避免疫监视和免疫细胞杀伤;与CSC释放的细胞因子相关的机制，这些细胞因子可以招募免疫细胞并驯服敌对的免疫反应;以及与CSC代谢物相关的机制，这些代谢物调节肿瘤微环境中浸润的免疫细胞的活性。本文还对肿瘤干细胞免疫治疗的研究进展及肿瘤治疗新方法的开发作一综述，并对肿瘤干细胞免疫治疗的前景进行展望。
Immunotherapy is an emerging form of cancer therapy that is associated with promising outcomes. However, most cancer patients either do not respond to immunotherapy or develop resistance to treatment. The resistance to immunotherapy is poorly understood compared to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Since immunotherapy targets cells within the tumor microenvironment, understanding the behavior and interactions of different cells within that environment is essential to adequately understand both therapy options and therapy resistance. This review focuses on reviewing and analyzing the special features of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which we believe may contribute to cancer resistance to immunotherapy. The mechanisms are classified into three main categories: mechanisms related to surface markers which are differentially expressed on CSCs and help CSCs escape from immune surveillance and immune cells killing; mechanisms related to CSC-released cytokines which can recruit immune cells and tame hostile immune responses; and mechanisms related to CSC metabolites which modulate the activities of infiltrated immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. This review also discusses progress made in targeting CSCs with immunotherapy and the prospect of developing novel cancer therapies.
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影响因子：
4.6
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通讯作者：
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