Through a glass darkly: race, thermal sensation and the nervous body in late colonial India
Through a glass darkly: race, thermal sensation and the nervous body in late colonial India
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透过黑暗的玻璃：殖民晚期印度的种族、热感和神经体
DOI：
10.1017/bjt.2022.3
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Venkat, Bharat Jayram
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Venkat, Bharat Jayram
这篇文章探讨了什么可能被称为体现经验在产生有关气候的知识的作用-特别是通过集中在19世纪末印度的气候对身体的影响的对话。故事的核心是种族如何映射到身体记录或感知环境的能力的想法，以及这个问题如何与科学实践中的标准化和判断问题相结合。聚焦于热带的热量，我认为英国的身体在殖民地后期的科学话语中成为一种传感技术，一种被它所记录的热量所改变的技术。然而，确定热对身体的影响并不总是那么简单;热的感觉，有时，不是归因于热，而是归因于光。这种从热到光的部分位移的关键不是感觉本身，也不是它产生的身体效应，而是产生这些感觉和效应的机制。尽管如此，观察这些种族化的身体影响是了解气候的一种方式，可以说与记录温度计的数据一样重要。沿着这些线索，色素沉着成为了一种强有力的（尽管不完美）种族差异标志，也被认为赋予了某些人特定的感官能力，而另一些人则没有。正是通过这些能力，通过某些身体（而不是其他人）感知热和光效应的能力，气候知识与种族和生物学的想法紧密联系在一起。
This article explores the role of what might be termed embodied experience in generating knowledge about climate – specifically by focusing on conversations about the effects of climate on the body in late nineteenth-century India. Central to the story is the question of how race maps onto ideas about the body's capacity to register or perceive its environment, and how this question articulates with concerns about standardization and judgement in scientific practice. Focusing on tropical heat, I argue that the British body became figured in late colonial scientific discourse as a kind of sensing technology, one that was transformed by the heat that it registered. However, determining the effects of heat on the body was not always straightforward; the sensation of heat was, at moments, attributed not to heat but instead to light. At stake in this partial displacement from heat to light was not the sensation itself, nor the bodily effects it produced, but rather the mechanisms that produced these sensations and effects. Nevertheless, observing these racialized bodily effects was a way to know climate, arguably as important as recording data from thermometers. Along these lines, pigmentation became a powerful, if imperfect, marker of racial difference that was also thought to confer specific sensory capacities on some and not on others. And it was through these capacities, through the perceived ability of certain bodies (and not others) to register the effects of heat and light, that knowledge of climate became intimately tied to ideas about race and biology.
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