Primer on an ethics of AI-based decision support systems in the clinic.
Primer on an ethics of AI-based decision support systems in the clinic.
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DOI：
10.1136/medethics-2019-105860
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发表时间：
2020-04-03
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Dabrock P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braun M;Hummel P;Beck S;Dabrock P
在极其复杂和困难的过程和情况下做出正确的决策一直是临床上的一项关键任务和挑战，并催生了大量的临床、法律的和道德惯例、协议和反思，以保证公平、参与性和最新的临床决策途径。然而，过程和物理现象的复杂性，时间以及经济上的限制，尤其是进一步的努力，以及在医学和医疗保健的成就不断提高需要评估和改善临床决策。本文探讨了临床决策过程是否以及如何受到所谓的人工智能驱动的决策支持系统（AI-DSS）的挑战。在第一步中，本文分析了AI-DSS的兴起将如何影响和改变临床中不同代理之间的交互模式。在第二步中，我们指出，这些不断变化的互动模式也意味着在可信度的条件，认识上的挑战，透明度，基本的规范性概念的机构和嵌入到具体的部署环境，最后，（可能的）责任归属的后果。第三，我们得出了关于临床AI-DSS的“有意义的人类控制”的进一步步骤的初步结论。
Making good decisions in extremely complex and difficult processes and situations has always been both a key task as well as a challenge in the clinic and has led to a large amount of clinical, legal and ethical routines, protocols and reflections in order to guarantee fair, participatory and up-to-date pathways for clinical decision-making. Nevertheless, the complexity of processes and physical phenomena, time as well as economic constraints and not least further endeavours as well as achievements in medicine and healthcare continuously raise the need to evaluate and to improve clinical decision-making. This article scrutinises if and how clinical decision-making processes are challenged by the rise of so-called artificial intelligence-driven decision support systems (AI-DSS). In a first step, this article analyses how the rise of AI-DSS will affect and transform the modes of interaction between different agents in the clinic. In a second step, we point out how these changing modes of interaction also imply shifts in the conditions of trustworthiness, epistemic challenges regarding transparency, the underlying normative concepts of agency and its embedding into concrete contexts of deployment and, finally, the consequences for (possible) ascriptions of responsibility. Third, we draw first conclusions for further steps regarding a ‘meaningful human control’ of clinical AI-DSS.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Esteva A;Kuprel B;Novoa RA;Ko J;Swetter SM;Blau HM;Thrun S
通讯作者：
Thrun S
DOI：
10.1056/nejmp1702071
发表时间：
2017-06-29
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chen JH;Asch SM
通讯作者：
Asch SM
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Braun M;Dabrock P
通讯作者：
Dabrock P
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Beck, Susanne
通讯作者：
Beck, Susanne
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Bench-Capon, Trevor;Araszkiewicz, Michal;Wyner, Adam
通讯作者：
Wyner, Adam