Weighted averaging, Jeffrey conditioning and invariance

Weighted averaging, Jeffrey conditioning and invariance
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加权平均、Jeffrey 调节和不变性

DOI:
10.1007/s11238-017-9639-3
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
0.8
通讯作者:
Bonnay
Bonnay
中科院分区:
经济学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bonnay

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杰弗里条件作用告诉agent如何更新她的先验,从而赋予特定事件一个给定的概率。加权平均告诉一个智能体如何在证词证据的基础上更新她的先验,通过改变她的先验和另一个智能体的先验的加权算术平均值。我们表明,在各自的设置中,这两个看似不同的更新规则本质上是由相同的不变性条件公理化的。作为一个副产品,这揭示了一个问题,即当另一个智能体只显示了其概率分布的一部分时,加权平均应该如何扩展到处理这种情况。加权平均(针对其他智能体显示概率的事件)和杰弗里条件反射(针对其他智能体未显示概率的事件)的组合是处理此类情况的综合更新规则,该规则再次通过嵌入下的不变性公化。我们的结论是,尽管人们可能不喜欢杰弗里条件反射或加权平均,但当需要部分证词证据的政策时,这两者是天然的一对。
Jeffrey conditioning tells an agent how to update her priors so as to grant a given probability to a particular event. Weighted averaging tells an agent how to update her priors on the basis of testimonial evidence, by changing to a weighted arithmetic mean of her priors and another agent’s priors. We show that, in their respective settings, these two seemingly so different updating rules are axiomatized by essentially the same invariance condition. As a by-product, this sheds new light on the question how weighted averaging should be extended to deal with cases when the other agent reveals only parts of her probability distribution. The combination of weighted averaging (for the events whose probability the other agent reveals) and Jeffrey conditioning (for the events whose probability the other agent does not reveal) is a comprehensive updating rule to deal with such cases, which is again axiomatized by invariance under embedding. We conclude that, even though one may dislike Jeffrey conditioning or weighted averaging, the two make a natural pair when a policy for partial testimonial evidence is needed.
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