Stem Cells toward the Future: The Space Challenge.

Stem Cells toward the Future: The Space Challenge.
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DOI:
10.3390/life4020267
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发表时间:
2014-05-30
期刊:
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Maier JA
Maier JA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bradamante S;Barenghi L;Maier JA

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宇航员经历失重导致的骨丢失,这是由于骨重建过程不平衡,涉及骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)以及成骨细胞、骨细胞和破骨细胞。微重力对骨细胞的影响已被广泛研究,但直到最近才开始考虑骨间充质干细胞的作用。它们生活在成人的骨髓壁龛中,具有自我更新和多潜能分化的能力,已发表的数据表明它们可能在生物医学/生物工程领域带来有趣的回报。本文综述了模拟/真实微重力环境下骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展,主要集中在机械信号、机械转导和氧气对其增殖、衰老和分化的影响。全面了解骨髓间充质干细胞在微重力下的行为及其在防止骨丢失中的作用,对于进入未来持久的载人太空探索时代至关重要。
Astronauts experience weightlessness-induced bone loss due to an unbalanced process of bone remodeling that involves bone mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs), as well as osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. The effects of microgravity on osteo-cells have been extensively studied, but it is only recently that consideration has been given to the role of bone MSCs. These live in adult bone marrow niches, are characterized by their self-renewal and multipotent differentiation capacities, and the published data indicate that they may lead to interesting returns in the biomedical/bioengineering fields. This review describes the published findings concerning bMSCs exposed to simulated/real microgravity, mainly concentrating on how mechanosignaling, mechanotransduction and oxygen influence their proliferation, senescence and differentiation. A comprehensive understanding of bMSC behavior in microgravity and their role in preventing bone loss will be essential for entering the future age of long-lasting, manned space exploration.
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