Adult consequences of growth failure in early childhood.
Adult consequences of growth failure in early childhood.
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.113.064584
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发表时间：
2013-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Martorell R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoddinott J;Behrman JR;Maluccio JA;Melgar P;Quisumbing AR;Ramirez-Zea M;Stein AD;Yount KM;Martorell R
背景：生长障碍与不良后果相关，但研究需要充分控制混杂因素。目的：我们将24个月时的年龄别身高z评分（HAZ）和发育迟缓与成人人力资本、婚姻、生育力、健康和经济结果相关联。设计：在2002-2004年，我们收集了1338危地马拉成年人（年龄25-42岁）的数据，他们在1969-1977年作为儿童进行了研究。我们使用工具变量回归来校正估计偏差，并调整潜在的混杂因素。结果如下：HAZ增加1个标准差与更多的学校教育有关（0.78级）和更高的测试成绩为阅读和非语言认知技能（分别为0.28和0.25 SD），婚姻伴侣的特征（年龄大1.39岁，受教育程度高1.02级，身高高1.01厘米），对于女性，初次生育年龄较高（0.77岁），怀孕和生育次数较少（分别为0.63和0.43）。HAZ增加1-SD与家庭人均支出增加（21%）和生活在贫困中的可能性降低（10个百分点）有关。相反，2岁时发育不良与受教育程度低、考试成绩低、家庭人均支出低以及生活贫困的可能性增加有关。对妇女而言，发育迟缓与初次生育年龄较低以及怀孕和生育子女数量较多有关。HAZ或发育迟缓与成人健康之间的关系不大。结论：生命早期的生长障碍对人类，社会和经济资本的生命过程产生了深远的不利影响。
Background: Growth failure is associated with adverse consequences, but studies need to control adequately for confounding. Objective: We related height-for-age z scores (HAZs) and stunting at age 24 mo to adult human capital, marriage, fertility, health, and economic outcomes. Design: In 2002–2004, we collected data from 1338 Guatemalan adults (aged 25–42 y) who were studied as children in 1969–1977. We used instrumental variable regression to correct for estimation bias and adjusted for potentially confounding factors. Results: A 1-SD increase in HAZ was associated with more schooling (0.78 grades) and higher test scores for reading and nonverbal cognitive skills (0.28 and 0.25 SDs, respectively), characteristics of marriage partners (1.39 y older, 1.02 grade more schooling, and 1.01 cm taller) and, for women, a higher age at first birth (0.77 y) and fewer number of pregnancies and children (0.63 and 0.43, respectively). A 1-SD increase in HAZ was associated with increased household per capita expenditure (21%) and a lower probability of living in poverty (10 percentage points). Conversely, being stunted at 2 y was associated with less schooling, a lower test performance, a lower household per capita expenditure, and an increased probability of living in poverty. For women, stunting was associated with a lower age at first birth and higher number of pregnancies and children. There was little relation between either HAZ or stunting and adult health. Conclusion: Growth failure in early life has profound adverse consequences over the life course on human, social, and economic capital.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Adair, Linda S.;Fall, Caroline H. D.;Osmond, Clive;Stein, Aryeh D.;Martorell, Reynaldo;Ramirez-Zea, Manuel;Sachdev, Harshpal Singh;Dahly, Darren L.;Bas, Isabelita;Norris, Shane A.;Micklesfield, Lisa;Hallal, Pedro;Victora, Cesar G.
通讯作者：
Victora, Cesar G.
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Black, Robert E.;Victora, Cesar G.;Uauy, Ricardo
通讯作者：
Uauy, Ricardo
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
MARTORELL, R;HABICHT, JP;KLEIN, RE
通讯作者：
KLEIN, RE
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Greenland, S
通讯作者：
Greenland, S
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
MARTORELL, R;HABICHT, JP;RIVERA, JA
通讯作者：
RIVERA, JA