Tuberculosis-Cancer Parallels in Immune Response Regulation.

Tuberculosis-Cancer Parallels in Immune Response Regulation.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms21176136
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发表时间:
2020-08-26
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Karam SD
Karam SD
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bickett TE;Karam SD

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结核分枝杆菌和癌症是两种容易对宿主免疫系统产生耐药性的疾病。抗性背后的机制可能是宿主衍生的或疾病介导的,但它们通常取决于促炎和抗炎免疫信号的平衡。免疫疗法一直是努力改变这种平衡并推动根除疾病所需的反应的重点。人们普遍认为,结核病的免疫反应依赖于T细胞,大多数研究都集中在T细胞反应上。然而,在过去的十年中,人们对先天免疫反应的重要性有了更多的认识,强调了先天免疫训练和巨噬细胞极化等因素对分枝杆菌清除的重要性。与此同时,自从第一个检查点抑制剂通过临床试验以来,除了强调先天免疫反应对癌症的重要性的工作外,免疫疗法治疗癌症的复兴也出现了。然而,关于宿主源性反应和对新癌症疗法的耐药性的发展,仍有很多需要了解的地方。这篇综述探讨了癌症和结核病免疫反应之间的相似之处,希望它们的共性将促进研究合作和发现。
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and cancer are two diseases with proclivity for the development of resistance to the host immune system. Mechanisms behind resistance can be host derived or disease mediated, but they usually depend on the balance of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory immune signals. Immunotherapies have been the focus of efforts to shift that balance and drive the response required for diseases eradication. The immune response to tuberculosis has widely been thought to be T cell dependent, with the majority of research focused on T cell responses. However, the past decade has seen greater recognition of the importance of the innate immune response, highlighting factors such as trained innate immunity and macrophage polarization to mycobacterial clearance. At the same time, there has been a renaissance of immunotherapy treatments for cancer since the first checkpoint inhibitor passed clinical trials, in addition to work highlighting the importance of innate immune responses to cancer. However, there is still much to learn about host-derived responses and the development of resistance to new cancer therapies. This review examines the similarities between the immune responses to cancer and tuberculosis with the hope that their commonalities will facilitate research collaboration and discovery.
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