A role for consolidation in cross-modal category learning.
A role for consolidation in cross-modal category learning.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.11.010
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发表时间：
2018-01-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Gaskell MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashton JE;Jefferies E;Gaskell MG
对对象和事件进行分类的能力是人类的一项基本技能，它依赖于多模态概念知识的表示。本研究调查了分类信息的获取和巩固，这需要参与者在视觉和听觉维度上整合信息。研究人员使用了一种范式来研究觉醒依赖性和睡眠依赖性巩固的影响，在这种范式中，训练和测试被一个跨越晚上睡眠或白天清醒的延迟分开，并使用配对关联情景记忆任务作为经典睡眠依赖性巩固的测量。参与者表现出了很好的类别学习能力，但在延迟之后，他们对类别信息的记忆并没有表现出任何依赖于清醒或睡眠的变化。这与配对联想学习形成对比，在配对联想学习中，在记忆回忆中观察到睡眠依赖的好处。为了复制现实世界的概念学习，即通过多个不同的情节获得知识，在巩固延迟之后，参与者被给予第二次类别学习的机会。在这里，我们发现了巩固和学习之间的相互作用；在第二次学习中，那些有睡眠延迟的参与者在类别知识方面有了更大的进步。这些结果表明，睡眠在巩固最近获得的分类知识中的作用；然而，这种好处并不是在记忆回忆中立即显现出来的，而是通过提高未来学习的有效性而显现出来的。因此，这项研究提供了对概念表征的形成和发展过程的见解。睡眠和清醒相关的陈述性记忆巩固和跨模态类别学习的研究。陈述性记忆显示出与睡眠相关的即时改善。类别知识在所有巩固延迟中保持稳定，没有与睡眠相关的表现变化。然而，与睡眠相关的巩固确实提高了后延迟类别学习的有效性。
The ability to categorize objects and events is a fundamental human skill that depends upon the representation of multimodal conceptual knowledge. This study investigated the acquisition and consolidation of categorical information that required participants to integrate information across visual and auditory dimensions. The impact of wake- and sleep-dependent consolidation was investigated using a paradigm in which training and testing were separated by a delay spanning either an evening of sleep or daytime wakefulness, with a paired-associate episodic memory task used as a measure of classic sleep-dependent consolidation. Participants displayed good evidence of category learning, but did not show any wake- or sleep-dependent changes in memory for category information immediately following the delay. This is in contrast to paired-associate learning, where a sleep-dependent benefit was observed in memory recall. To replicate real-world concept learning, in which knowledge is acquired across multiple distinct episodes, participants were given a second opportunity for category learning following the consolidation delay. Here we found an interaction between consolidation and learning; with greater improvements in category knowledge as a result of the second learning session for those participants who had a sleep-filled delay. These results suggest a role for sleep in the consolidation of recently acquired categorical knowledge; however this benefit does not emerge as an immediate benefit in memory recall, but by enhancing the effectiveness of future learning. This study therefore provides insights into the processes responsible for the formation and development of conceptual representations. Investigation into sleep- and wake-associated consolidation on declarative memory and cross-modal category learning. Declarative memory showed immediate sleep-associated improvements. Category knowledge remained stable across all consolidation delays, with no sleep-associated changes in performance. Sleep-associated consolidation did however increase the effectiveness of post-delay category learning.
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