The autotaxin-LPA axis emerges as a novel regulator of lymphocyte homing and inflammation.

The autotaxin-LPA axis emerges as a novel regulator of lymphocyte homing and inflammation.
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DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.1302831
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发表时间:
2014-02-01
期刊:
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Georas SN
Georas SN
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Knowlden S;Georas SN

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溶血磷脂酸(LPA)是一种多效脂质分子,对细胞的生长和运动具有强有力的作用。近年来,在破译LPA产生的机制及其如何作用于靶细胞方面取得了重大进展。迄今为止,大多数研究都是在其他学科进行的,但新出现的数据表明,LPA在免疫中发挥着重要作用。一个关键的发现是,自分泌运动因子(ATX),一种以前与癌细胞运动有关的酶,从前体溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)产生细胞外LPA。稳态ATX仅在少数组织中表达,包括淋巴结中的高内皮微静脉,但炎症信号可上调不同组织中的ATX表达。在这里,我们审查目前的想法ATX/LPA轴在淋巴细胞归巢,以及在过敏性气道炎症和哮喘模型。LPA在调节免疫反应中的作用的新见解应该在不久的将来即将到来。
Lyophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a pleiotropic lipid molecule with potent effects on cell growth and motility. Major progress has been made in recent years in deciphering the mechanisms of LPA generation and how it acts on target cells. Most research to-date has been conducted in other disciplines, but emerging data indicate that LPA has an important role to play in immunity. A key discovery was that autotaxin (ATX), an enzyme previously implicated in cancer cell motility, generates extracellular LPA from the precursor lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). Steady-state ATX is expressed by only a few tissues including high-endothelial venules in lymph nodes, but inflammatory signals can up-regulate ATX expression in different tissues. Here we review current thinking about the ATX/LPA axis in lymphocyte homing, as well as in models of allergic airway inflammation and asthma. New insights into the role of LPA in regulating immune responses should be forthcoming in the near future.
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