Molecular insights into the aetiology of female reproductive ageing.

Molecular insights into the aetiology of female reproductive ageing.
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对女性生殖衰老病因学的分子见解。

DOI:
10.1038/nrendo.2015.167
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发表时间:
2015-12
期刊:
Nature reviews. Endocrinology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ong KK
Ong KK
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Perry JR;Murray A;Day FR;Ong KK

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随着青春期年龄的下降和首次怀孕年龄的增加,调节生殖寿命的机制与人口健康变得越来越相关。月经初潮和绝经的时间可能会产生深远的影响,不仅对生育能力,而且对2型糖尿病、心血管疾病和乳腺癌等疾病的风险也有影响。遗传学研究已经确定了数十种与生殖障碍有关的高度渗透性罕见突变,以及与青春期或更年期时机有关的约175种常见基因变异。这些发现与其他功能研究一起,突显了涉及生殖衰老的一系列不同机制,涉及到细胞周期调节和能量平衡等核心生物学过程。本文的目的是回顾这些基因发现对了解生殖时机的分子调控的贡献,以及生殖老龄化和疾病风险之间流行病学联系的生物学基础。
As age at puberty declines and age at first pregnancy increases, the mechanisms that regulate reproductive lifespan become increasingly relevant to population health. The timing of menarche and menopause can have profound effects, not only on fertility, but also on the risks of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Genetic studies have identified dozens of highly penetrant rare mutations associated with reproductive disorders, and also ~175 common genetic variants associated with timing of puberty or menopause. These findings, alongside other functional studies, have highlighted a diverse range of mechanisms involved in reproductive ageing, implicating core biological processes such as cell cycle regulation and energy homeostasis. The aim of this article is to review the contribution of such genetic findings to understanding the molecular regulation of reproductive timing, and the biological basis for epidemiological links between reproductive ageing and disease risks.
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