Grammaticalisation in social context: The emergence of a new English pronoun

Grammaticalisation in social context: The emergence of a new English pronoun
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社会语境中的语法化:新英语代词的出现

DOI:
10.1111/josl.12053
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Cheshire J
Cheshire J
中科院分区:
人文科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cheshire J

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本文记录了一个新的第一人称单数代词man的早期语法化阶段,该代词在英国市中心多种族青少年同龄人群体中使用。我认为,该代词源于复数名词man,在同龄人群体中使用,指的是一群人,他们的精确构成由语言或情境语境决定。代词的同音代词经常被用作语用标记和称呼形式,并且单数名词的某些用法在当地具有突出的内涵,这鼓励了代词的使用。复数名词和语用标记的功能反映在新代词的两个主要修辞功能上:青少年使用人称代词将自己定位为语境定义的群体的成员,从而为他们的观点提供权威或减轻潜在的威胁行为,他们也用它来征求对话者的同情或构建团结。我认为代词语义的组合模型可以解释新代词的出现。
The paper documents the early stages of grammaticalisation of a new first person singular pronoun,man, used in multi‐ethnic adolescent peer groups in inner cities of the U.K. I argue that the pronoun derives from a plural nounman, which is used in the peer groups to refer to a group of individuals whose precise composition is defined by the linguistic or situational context. The recruitment ofmanas a pronoun is encouraged by the frequent use of its homonym as a pragmatic marker and address form in the peer groups, and by the locally salient connotations of some uses of the singular nounman. The functions of the plural noun and the pragmatic marker are reflected in the two main rhetorical functions of the new pronoun: adolescent speakers use themanpronoun to position themselves as members of a contextually defined group and thereby provide authority for their opinions or mitigate a potentially face‐threatening act, and they also use it to solicit empathy from their interlocutor or construct solidarity. I suggest that a compositional model of the semantics of pronouns can account for the emergence of the new pronoun.
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